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Balancing the Scales: Reinforcement Learning for Fair Classification

Proceedings of the Second Workshop of Identity Aware AI

DOI:10.63317/4df2efew2ftw

Abstract

Fairness in classification tasks has traditionally focused on bias removal from neural representations, but recent approaches have shifted towards algorithmic methods that embed fairness into the training process. These methods steer models towards fair performance, preventing potential elimination of valuable information that arises from representation manipulation. Reinforcement Learning (RL), with its ability to learn through interaction and adjust reward functions to encourage desired behaviors, presents a promising approach in this domain. In this paper, we conduct an exploratory evaluation of RL for addressing bias in imbalanced classification by scaling the reward function. We employ the contextual multi-armed bandit framework, adapt three popular RL algorithms, and conduct an extensive empirical evaluation of their relative strengths and limitations. Through this analysis, we contribute meaningful evidence to the ongoing debate between algorithmic and representational fairness approaches.

Details

Paper ID
lrec2026-ws-iaai-04
Pages
pp. 32-46
BibKey
eshuijs-etal-2026-balancing
Editors
A Pranav, Valerio Basile, Neele Falk, David Jurgens, Gabriella Lapesa, Anne Lauscher, Soda Marem Lo
Publisher
European Language Resources Association (ELRA)
ISSN
N/A
ISBN
N/A
Workshop
Proceedings of the Second Workshop of Identity Aware AI
Location
Palma, Mallorca, Spain
Date
11 - 16 May 2026

Authors

  • LE

    Leon Eshuijs

  • SW

    Shihan Wang

  • AF

    Antske Fokkens

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