Assessing Small Language Models as Text Simplification Evaluators

Abstract

Text simplification requires reliable automatic evaluation, yet existing learnable metrics such as LENS and LENS-SALSA are specialized and costly to develop. Moreover, it remains unclear how these metrics compare to using large language models (LLMs) as evaluators. Exploring this question is important because LLM-based evaluation could make simplification research and deployment more flexible and easier to adapt than training new task-specific metrics for each setting. In this work, we empirically compare several small, open-weight instruction-tuned LLMs with LENS and LENS-SALSA in both reference-based and reference-free evaluation settings. We measure their alignment with human judgments across multiple datasets. Our results provide insight into when small LLMs can serve as effective evaluators and when specialized metrics remain preferable, informing the design of future evaluation pipelines for text simplification and related text generation tasks.

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