Automatic and Manual Web Annotations in an Infrastructure to handle Fake News and other Online Media Phenomena

Abstract

Online media are ubiquitous and consumed by billions of people globally. Recently, however, several phenomena regarding online media have emerged that pose a severe threat to media consumption and reception as well as to the potential of manipulating opinions and, thus, (re)actions, on a large scale. Lumped together under the label “fake news”, these phenomena comprise, among others, maliciously manipulated content, bad journalism, parodies, satire, propaganda and several other types of false news; related phenomena are the often cited filter bubble (echo chamber) effect and the amount of abusive language used online. In an earlier paper we describe an architectural and technological approach to empower users to handle these online media phenomena. In this article we provide the first approach of a metadata scheme to enable, eventually, the standardised annotation of these phenomena in online media. We also show an initial version of a tool that enables the creation, visualisation and exploitation of such annotations.

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