A

Keyword	Title
"se-constructions"	Semantic categorization of Spanish se-constructions
(bi)national action	Linguistic annotation of the Spoken Dutch Corpus: If we had to do it all over again ...
3D images	AV@CAR: A Spanish Multichannel Multimodal Corpus for In-Vehicle Automatic Audio-Visual Speech Recognition
A
Aboutness	Textual Distraction as a Basis for Evaluating Automatic Summarisers
Abridgement	Textual Distraction as a Basis for Evaluating Automatic Summarisers
Abstract nouns	Extraction of Hyperonymy of Adjectives from Large Corpora by Using the Neural Network Model
Accessibility	The Centre for Dutch Language and Speech Technology (TST Centre)
Accessing language resources	Architecture for Distributed Language Resource Management and Archiving
Acoustic adaptation	Transcrigal: A Bilingual System for Automatic Indexing of Broadcast News
Acoustic model	Comparative Evaluations in the Domain of Automatic Speech Recognition
Acoustic-phonetic decoding	Evaluation of a Spoken Phonetic Databse in Basque Language
Acquisition	Acquisition and Annotation of Slovenian Broadcast News Database
	Automatic Acquisition of Sense Examples using ExRetriever
	Bootstrapping a database of German multi-word expressions
	Corpus based Enrichment of GermaNet Verb Frames
Acronyms	Automatic Building Gazetteers of Co-referring Named Entities
Acts	From Acts and Topics to Transactions and Dialogue Smoothness
Adaptation	Language Model Adaptation for Statistical Machine Translation based on Information Retrieval
Adaptation	Transcrigal: A Bilingual System for Automatic Indexing of Broadcast News
Adapting NLP tools	Experiments on Building Language Resources for Multi-Modal Dialogue Systems
Adjectives	Extraction of Hyperonymy of Adjectives from Large Corpora by Using the Neural Network Model
Advanced Front-End	Development and Integration of the LDA-Toolkit into the COST249 SpeechDat (II) SIG Reference Recognizer
Adverb attachment in parse trees	A Corpus-based Syntactic Lexicon for Adverbs
Adverbs	A Corpus-based Syntactic Lexicon for Adverbs
Affective lexicon	WordNet-Affect: an Affective Extension of WordNet
African languages	The African Speech Technology Project: An Assessment
African languages	WALA: a multilingual resource repository for West African Languages
Afrikaans	A Spoken Afrikaans Language Resource Designed for Research on Pronunciation Variations
Agent platforms	A2Q: an agent-based architecure for multilingual Q&A
Aliases	Automatic Building Gazetteers of Co-referring Named Entities
Aligned multilingual corpora	Multilingual Corpus-based Approach to the Resolution of English -ing
Alignment	Annotation of anaphoric expressions in an aligned bilingual corpus
	Automatic extraction of syntactic semantic patterns for multilingual resources
	Construction of a Bilingual Arabic-Spanish Lexicon of Verbs Based on a Parallel Corpus
Ambiguity	A Search Tool for Corpora with Positional Tagsets and Ambiguities
American English	The American National Corpus First Release
Analogy	Using Paradigm Tables to Generate New Utterances Similar to those Existing in Linguistic Resources
Analysis	Generating an Arabic full-form lexicon for bidirectional morphology lookup
Analysis	The Automatic Content Extraction (ACE) Program - Tasks, Data, and Evaluation
Analysis representation	A Model of Semantic Representations Analysis For Chinese Sentences
Analysis-synthesis	Perceptual Evaluation of Quality Deterioration Owing to Prosody Modification
Anaphor	Information Extraction from Hindi Texts
Anaphora	Towards a Reference Annotation Framework
Anaphora resolution	A General-Purpose off-the-shelf Anaphora Resolution Module: Implementation and Preliminary Evaluation
	A Public Reference Implementation of the RAP Anaphora Resolution Algorithm
	Annotation of anaphoric expressions in an aligned bilingual corpus
	Can Anaphoric Definite Descriptions be Replaced by Pronouns?
	Online Evaluation of Coreference Resolution
	Pronominal Anaphora Resolution for Unrestricted Text
	Toward Text Understanding: Integrating Relevance-tagged Corpus and Automatically Constructed Case Frames
Anchor text	Exploiting Anchor Text as a Lexical Resource
Annotated Acoustic Databases	The African Speech Technology Project: An Assessment
Annotation	Abstracting a Dialogue Act Tagset for Meeting Processing
	An Annotated German-Language Medical Text Corpus as Language Resource
	An Annotation Scheme for Information Status in Dialogue
	An XML Representation for Annotated Handwriting Datasets for Online Handwriting Recognition
	Annotating a corpus for building a domain-specific knowledge base
	Annotating Noun Argument Structure for NomBank
	ANNOTATION OF COREFERENCE RELATIONS AMONG LINGUISTIC EXPRESSIONS AND IMAGES IN BIOLOGICAL ARTICLES
	Automatic audio and manual transcripts alignment, time-code transfer and selection of exact transcripts
	Building and Using a Corpus of Shallow Dialog Annotated Meetings
	Callisto: A Configurable Annotation Workbench
	Co-reference in Japanese Task-oriented Dialogues: A Contribution to the Development of Language-specific and Language-general Annotation Schemes and Resources
	Development of Slovenian Broadcast News Speech Database
	Evaluation of Transcription and Annotation Tools for a Multi-modal, Multi-party Dialogue Corpus
	Experiences in Collection of Handwriting Data for Online Handwriting Recognition in Indic Scripts
	Exploiting Coreference Annotations for Text-to-Hypertext Conversion
	Image-Language Multimodal Corpora: Needs, Lacunae and an AI Synergy for Annotation
	Online Evaluation of Coreference Resolution
	OntoTag's Linguistic Ontologies: Enhancing Higher Level and Semantic Web Annotations
	Phonological Treebanks - Issues in Generation and Application
	Resources for Place Name Analysis
	The Automatic Content Extraction (ACE) Program - Tasks, Data, and Evaluation
	Towards Intelligent Written Cultural Heritage Processing - Lexical Processing
Annotation Editor	A Suite of Tools for Marking Up Textual Data for Temporal Text Mining Scenarios
Annotation Editor	Infrastructure for Collaborative Annotation of Speech
Annotation graphs	Talkbank: Building an Open Unified Multimodal Database of Communicative Interaction
Annotation infrastructure	A Multi-Modal Documentation System for Warao
Annotation infrastructure	Annotation Tools for Large-Scale Corpus Development: Using AGTK at the Linguistic Data Consortium
Annotation model	Annotation Multi-media / Multi-modal Resources with ELAN
Annotation schema	Towards a Reference Annotation Framework
Annotation scheme	An Annotation Scheme for a Rhetorical Analysis of Biology Articles
Annotation tool	Abar-Hitz: An Annotation Tool for the Basque Dependency Treebank
Annotation tool	Orthographic and Phonetic Annotation of Very Large Czech Corpora with Quality Assessment
Annotation tools	Towards General-Purpose Annotation Tools – How far are we today?
Annotation vocabulary	Infrastructure for Collaborative Annotation of Speech
Answer Patterns	Multilingual Pattern Libraries for Question Answering: a Case Study for Definition Questions
Application design	Functional Requirements for an Interlinear Text Editor
Application of a deep grammar	Utilization of Multiple Language Resources for Robust Grammar-Based Tense and Aspect Classification
Arabic	Generating an Arabic full-form lexicon for bidirectional morphology lookup
Arabic	OrienTel - Telephony Databases Across Northern Africa and the Middle East
Arabic Processing	Construction of a Bilingual Arabic-Spanish Lexicon of Verbs Based on a Parallel Corpus
Archiving language resources	Architecture for Distributed Language Resource Management and Archiving
Argument	Annotating Noun Argument Structure for NomBank
Argument structure	Towards a Dynamic Lexicon: Predicting the Syntactic Argument Structure of Complex Verbs
Argument--adjunct distinction	Automatic Methods to Supplement Broad-Coverage Subcategorization Lexicons
Argumentation	An argumentative annotation schema for meeting discussions
Artificial Neural Network (ANN)	Comparative Evaluations in the Domain of Automatic Speech Recognition
Asia	Collection of SLR in the Asian-Pacific area
ASR	OrienTel - Telephony Databases Across Northern Africa and the Middle East
Associative concept dictionary	Automatic Extraction of Hyponyms from Japanese Newspapers Using Lexico-syntactic Patterns
Atlas	Callisto: A Configurable Annotation Workbench
Attribute-value pairs	COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF A STOCHASTIC PARSER ON SEMANTIC AND SYNTACTIC-SEMANTIC LABELS
Audio library	SpeechRecorder - a Universal Platform Independent Multi-Channel Audio Recording Software
Audio segmentation	Development of Slovenian Broadcast News Speech Database
Audio-Visual Automatic Speech Recognition	AV@CAR: A Spanish Multichannel Multimodal Corpus for In-Vehicle Automatic Audio-Visual Speech Recognition
Automated acquisition of IE patterns	Categorizing Web Pages as a Preprocessing Step for Information Extraction
Automated evaluation	Automated Morphological Segmentation and Evaluation
Automated methods	Calibrating Resource-light Automatic MT Evaluation: A Cheap Approach to Ranking MT Systems by the Usability of their Output
Automatic acquisition	Discarding noise in an automatically acquired lexicon of support verb constructions
Automatic and manual evaluation	Comparison of some automatic and manual methods for summary evaluation based on the Text Summarization Challenge 2
Automatic annotation	From Acts and Topics to Transactions and Dialogue Smoothness
Automatic annotations	Use and Evaluation of Prosodic Annotations in Dutch
Automatic aquisition	Morphology Based Automatic Acquisition of Large-coverage Lexica
Automatic conversion	Converting Treebank Annotations to Language Neutral Syntax
Automatic Corpus Acquisition	The Effect of Bias on an Automatically-built Word Sense Corpus
Automatic disambiguation	Semantic categorization of Spanish se-constructions
Automatic discovery	Automatic Extraction of Hyponyms from Japanese Newspapers Using Lexico-syntactic Patterns
Automatic error detection	The overview of the SST speech corpus of Japanese learner English and evaluation through the experiment on automatic detection of learners' errors
Automatic evaluation	Incremental Methods to Select Test Sentences for Evaluating Translation Ability
	Interpreting Bleu/NIST Scores: How Much Improvement do We Need to Have a Better System?
	Modelling Legitimate Translation Variation for Automatic Evaluation of MT Quality
	Probabilistic Detection of Context-Sensitive Spelling Errors
	Re-using high-quality resources for continued evaluation of automated summarization systems
Automatic extraction	Automatic extraction of syntactic semantic patterns for multilingual resources
Automatic extraction	The Verb in the Terminological Collocations. Contribution to the Development of a Morphological Analyser: MorphoComp
Automatic extraction of concepts	A complete understanding speech system based on semantic concepts
Automatic indexing	Transcrigal: A Bilingual System for Automatic Indexing of Broadcast News
Automatic learning	An Automatic Method for Constructing Domain-Specific Ontology Resources
Automatic lexical acquisition	Automatic Acquisition of Paradigmatic Relations using Iterated Co-occurrences
Automatic parsing	Prague Czech-English Dependency Treebank. Syntactically Annotated Resources for Machine Translation
Automatic Phone Segmentation	Automatic Phonemic Labeling and Segmentation of Spoken Dutch
Automatic phonetic transcription	Improving Automatic Phonetic Transcription of Spontaneous Speech through Variant-Based Pronunciation Variation Modelling
Automatic Phonetic Transcriptions	Automatic Phonemic Labeling and Segmentation of Spoken Dutch
Automatic scoring	Application of the BLEU Method for Evaluating Free-text Answers in an E-learning Environment
Automatic segmentation	MAUS Goes Iterative
Automatic Speech Recognition	Creation and Validation of Large Lexica for Speech-to-Speech Translation Purposes
	Development and Integration of the LDA-Toolkit into the COST249 SpeechDat (II) SIG Reference Recognizer
	Issues in Annotation of the Czech Spontaneous Speech Corpus in the MALACH Project
Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR)	Comparative Evaluations in the Domain of Automatic Speech Recognition
Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR)	Speech recognition simulation and its application for Wizard of Oz experiments
automatic summarization	A comparison of summarisation methods based on term specificity estimation
	Comparison of some automatic and manual methods for summary evaluation based on the Text Summarization Challenge 2
	Re-using high-quality resources for continued evaluation of automated summarization systems
automatic temporal annotation	A Framework for Temporal Resolution
Automatic term extraction	A practical competition of different filters used in automatic term extraction
Automatic Text Processing	Development of Bilingual Domain-Specific Ontology for Automatic Conceptual Indexing
Automatic Text Processing	Development of Ontologies with Minimal Set of Conceptual Relations
Automating	Automated Morphological Segmentation and Evaluation
Availability	Multifunctional Computational Lexicon of Contemporary Portuguese: An Available Resource for Multitype Applications
Availability	Providing on-line access to Portuguese language resources: corpora and lexicons
AVTTS	EVALUATION OF A SPEECH CUER: FROM MOTION CAPTURE TO A CONCATENATIVE TEXT-TO-CUED SPEECH SYSTEM
B
Basic language resource	The Language Belongs to the People!
Basque lanaguage	Evaluation of a Spoken Phonetic Databse in Basque Language.
Bayesian Information Criterion	Enriching a Thai Lexical Database with Selectional Preferences
Bayesian networks	A Bayesian Model for Shallow Syntactic Parsing of Natural Language Texts
	Acquiring Bayesian Networks from Text
	Bayesian Semantics Incorporation to Web Content for Natural Language Information Retrieval
	Learning to predict Pitch Accents using Bayesian Belief Networks for Greek Language
Beamforming	Evaluation of Microphone Array Front-Ends for ASR - an Extension of the AURORA Framework
Benchmarking	Benchmarking ontology tools. A case study for the WebODE platform
Bengali language evaluation	A Framework for Evaluating the Suitability of Non-English Corpora for Language Engineering
Bibliography	The GENOMA-KB Platform: Queries Over Integrated Linguistic Resources
Bilingual	The Mixer Corpus of Multilingual, Multichannel Speaker Recognition Data
Bilingual corpus	A Comparative Study on Human Communication Behaviors and Linguistic Characteristics for Speech-to-Speech Translation
Bilingual terminology extraction	French-English multi-word term alignment based on lexical context analysis
Bilingualism	Transcrigal: A Bilingual System for Automatic Indexing of Broadcast News
Biology texts	An Annotation Scheme for a Rhetorical Analysis of Biology Articles
Biomedicine	PBIE: A DATA PREPARATION TOOLKIT toward DEVELOPING a PARSING-BASED INFORMATION EXTRACTION SYSTEM
Bipartite graph	Grouping Synonymous Sentences from a Parallel Corpus
Blackbox	Designing a Realistic Evaluation of an End-to-end Interactive Question Answering System
BLARK	NEMLAR - An Arabic Language Resources project
BLARK	The new Dutch-Flemish HLT Programme: a concerted effort to stimulate the HLT sector
BLEU	Application of the BLEU Method for Evaluating Free-text Answers in an E-learning Environment
	How Does Automatic Machine Translation Evaluation Correlate With Human Scoring as the Number of Reference Translations Increases?
	Interpreting Bleu/NIST Scores: How Much Improvement do We Need to Have a Better System?
Boosting	Raising the Bar: Stacked Conservative Error Correction Beyond Boosting
Bootstrapping	Automatic Language-Independent Induction of Gazetteer Lists
	Interpreting Bleu/NIST Scores: How Much Improvement do We Need to Have a Better System?
	The Effect of Bias on an Automatically-built Word Sense Corpus
Border crossing domain	Developing Language Resources for a Transnational Digital Government System
Brazilian Portuguese	The Lácio-Web: Corpora and Tools to advance Brazilian Portuguese Language Investigations and Computational Linguistic Tools
Broadcast news	Acquisition and Annotation of Slovenian Broadcast News Database
	Collection and Evaluation of Broadcast News Data for Arabic
	Development of Slovenian Broadcast News Speech Database
	Network of Data Centres (NetDC): BNSC – An Arabic Broadcast News Speech Corpus
	The COST278 pan-European Broadcast News Database
	The ESTER Evaluation Campaign for the Rich Transcription of French Broadcast News
	Transcrigal: A Bilingual System for Automatic Indexing of Broadcast News
C
Canonical models	Rethinking Reusable Resources
Car	AV@CAR: A Spanish Multichannel Multimodal Corpus for In-Vehicle Automatic Audio-Visual Speech Recognition
Car environment	Creation and Assessment of Korean Speech and Noise DB in Car Environment
Car environment	Evaluation of Microphone Array Front-Ends for ASR - an Extension of the AURORA Framework
Card-files	Towards Intelligent Written Cultural Heritage Processing - Lexical Processing
CART	Learning to predict Pitch Accents using Bayesian Belief Networks for Greek Language
Case frames	Toward Text Understanding: Integrating Relevance-tagged Corpus and Automatically Constructed Case Frames
Case roles	A Syntactically Annotated Corpus of Tibetan
Causal Knowledge acquisition	Acquiring Bayesian Networks from Text
Causal relationships	Acquiring Bayesian Networks from Text
Cellphone	The American English SALA-II Data Collection
Central and Eastern European languages	MULTEXT-East Version 3: Multilingual Morphosyntactic Specifications, Lexicons and Corpora
CGN database	Use and Evaluation of Prosodic Annotations in Dutch
Character-level n-gram modeling	N-Gram Language Modeling for Robust Multi-Lingual Document Classification
Charniak's parser	Using the Penn Treebank to Evaluate Non-Treebank Parsers
Chat	A Chatbot as a Novel Corpus Visualization Tool
CHILDES	Adding Syntactic Annotations to Transcripts of Parent-Child Dialogs
CHILDES	Talkbank: Building an Open Unified Multimodal Database of Communicative Interaction
Children	Development of New Telephone Speech Databases for French: The NEOLOGOS Project
Children' speech	You stupid tin box' - children interacting with the AIBO robot: A cross-linguistic emotional speech corpus
Chinese	Korean-Chinese-Japanese Multilingual Wordnet with Shared Semantic Hierarchy
Class n-grams	A Galician Textual Corpus for Morphosyntactic Tagging with Application to Text-to-Speech Synthesis
Classification	Integrated Language Technologies for Multilingual Information Services in the MEMPHIS Project
Classroom discourse	Talkbank: Building an Open Unified Multimodal Database of Communicative Interaction
CLEF	Evaluation of Cross-Language Information Retrieval Using the Domain-Specific GIRT Data as Parallel German-English Corpus
CLIPS	Using Semantic Language Resources to Support Textual Inference for Question Answering
CLIR	EuroWordNet as a Resource for Cross-language Information Retrieval
Cluster search method	The Bilingual Web Dictionary on Demand
Clustering	Cluster Analysis and Classification of Named Entities
	Highlighting latent structure in documents
	Unsupervised Text Mining for Ontology Extraction: An Evaluation of Statistical Measures
Cognate	Semi-Automatic Derivation of a French Lexicon from CLIPS
Cognitive Metaphor	Metaphors in Wordnets: from Theory to Practice
Collaboration	An Emerging Transcontinental Collaborative Research and Education Agenda in Human Language Technologies
Collaborative annotation	Collaborative Annotation of Sign Language Data with Peer-to-Peer Technology
Collaborative annotation	Infrastructure for Collaborative Annotation of Speech
Collaborative Commentary	Talkbank: Building an Open Unified Multimodal Database of Communicative Interaction
Collaborative Commentary	Collaborative Commentary: Opening Up Spoken Language Databases
Collocation	Improving Collocation Extraction for High Frequency Words
Collocation extraction	Collocation Extraction Using Web Statistics
Collocation extraction	Using the Web as a Corpus for the Syntactic-Based Collocation Identification
Collocations	Automatic Acquisition of Paradigmatic Relations using Iterated Co-occurrences
	Bootstrapping a database of German multi-word expressions
	Enriching the Spanish EuroWordNet by Collocations
	Identifying Morphosyntactic Preferences in Collocations
	The Verb in the Terminological Collocations. Contribution to the Development of a Morphological Analyser: MorphoComp
Colloquial words	Issues in Annotation of the Czech Spontaneous Speech Corpus in the MALACH Project
Common words	Creating Slovenian Language Resources for Development of Speech-to-Speech Translation Components
Comparable corpora	Constructing Word-Sense Association Networks from Bilingual Dictionary and Comparable Corpora
	French-English multi-word term alignment based on lexical context analysis
	Making Monolingual Corpora Comparable: a Case Study of Bulgarian and Croatian
Comparison	An Analysis of the Relative Difficulty of Reuters-21578 Subsets
Comparison between memory-based learning and maximum entropy modeling	Memory-based Classification of Proper Names in Norwegian
Complex nominals	Representing Italian Complex Nominals: a Pilot Study
Complex predicates	Extending WordNets to Implicit Information
Compound word lexicon	Automatic Generation of Compound Word Lexicon for Hindi Speech Synthesis
Compounds	Finding the Correct Interpretation of Swedish Compounds a Statistical Approach
Computational lexicography	Tools for Upgrading Printed Dictionaries by Means of Corpus-based Lexical Acquisition
Computational Lexicon	A Corpus-based Syntactic Lexicon for Adverbs
Computational morphological analyser	Software Tools for Morphological Tagging of Zulu Corpora and Lexicon Development
Computational morphology	Enlarging the Croatian Morphological Lexicon by Automatic Lexical Acquisition from Raw Corpora
Computational morphology	SMOR: A German Computational Morphology Covering Derivation, Composition, and Inflection
Computational semantics	Some Meaning Procedures of Ontological Semantics
Computational Terminology	Using cooccurrence statistics and the web to discover synonyms in a technical language
Computer assisted language learning	ALLES: Integrating NLP in ICALL Applications
Computer vision	Framework for data-driven video-realistic audio-visual speech-synthesis
Concept annotation	A Fine-Grained Evaluation Method for Speech-to-Speech Machine Translation Using Concept Annotations
Concept creation	Concept Creation in Lexical Ontologies
Concept dictionaries	Automatic Keyword Extraction from Spoken Text. A Comparison of two Lexical Resources: the EDR and WordNet
Concept modelling	Principles of a system for terminological concept modelling
Concept space	A Multi-Modal Documentation System for Warao
Concept system	Principles of a system for terminological concept modelling
Conceptual graph bank	Building a Conceptual GraphBank for Chinese Language
Conceptual taxonomy	Exploring Balkanet Shared Ontology for Multilingual Conceptual Indexing
Concordancer	A Search Tool for Corpora with Positional Tagsets and Ambiguities
Confidence estimation	Training a Sentence-Level Machine Translation Confidence Measure
Confidence intervals	Interpreting Bleu/NIST Scores: How Much Improvement do We Need to Have a Better System?
Confidence measures	An Efficient Word Confidence Measure Using Likelihood Ratio Scores
Connector usage	Connector Usage in the English Essay Writing of Japanese EFL Learners
Consistency	Consistent Storage of Metadata in Inference Lexica: The MetaLex Approach
Constraint grammar	A Named Entity Recognizer for Danish
Constraint-based grammars	A Lexicon Module for a Grammar Development Environment
Content Interoperability	Content Interoperability of Lexical Resources: Open Issues and “MILE” Perspectives
Content representation	Standardization in Multimodal Content Representation: Some Methodological Issues
Content-based indexing	Exploring Balkanet Shared Ontology for Multilingual Conceptual Indexing
Context	Generating Coreferential Descriptions from a Structured Model of the Context
Context-dependent rules	A Graphical Tool for Handling Rule Grammars in Java Speech Grammar Format
Context-sensitive spelling errors	Probabilistic Detection of Context-Sensitive Spelling Errors
Context-sensitive understanding capability	The French MEDIA/EVALDA project: the evaluation of the understanding capability of Spoken Language Dialogue Systems
Continuous Speech Recognition	Development of Resources for a Bilingual Automatic Index System of Broadcast News in Basque and Spanish
Contrastive topic	Annotators' Agreement: The Case of Topic-Focus Articulation
Controlled Language	Evaluation and Adaptation of a Specialised Language Checking Tool for Non-specialised Machine Translation and Non-expert MT Users for Multi-lingual Telecooperation
Controlled language	Tone-of-Voice and Controlled Language Techniques
Conversation	A Chatbot as a Novel Corpus Visualization Tool
	Evaluating Conversation with Hans Christian Andersen
	Usability Evaluation of Multimodal and Domain-Oriented Spoken Language Dialogue Systems
Conversation analysis	Talkbank: Building an Open Unified Multimodal Database of Communicative Interaction
Conversational speech	Speech & Expression - The Value of a Longitudinal Corpus
Conversational telephone speech	The Fisher Corpus: a Resource for the Next Generations of Speech-to-Text
Conversion	Bypassing Greeklish!
Converstion of dependency structures to phrase structures	Mapping Dependency Structures to Phrase Structures and the Automatic Acquisition of Mapping Rules
Co-occurrences	Automatic Acquisition of Paradigmatic Relations using Iterated Co-occurrences
Core Lexicon	Distributional Consistency: As a General Method for Defining a Core Lexicon
Coreference	Computing Reliability for Coreference Annotation
	Generating Coreferential Descriptions from a Structured Model of the Context
	Towards a Reference Annotation Framework
	Automatic Building Gazetteers of Co-referring Named Entities
	Co-reference in Japanese Task-oriented Dialogues: A Contribution to the Development of Language-specific and Language-general Annotation Schemes and Resources
Coreference Hypertext	Exploiting Coreference Annotations for Text-to-Hypertext Conversion
Coreference Resolution	Evaluating Name-Matching for Coreference Resolution
Coreference Resolution	Online Evaluation of Coreference Resolution
Corpora	A powerful and versatile XML format for representing role-semantic annotation
	Annotating Noun Argument Structure for NomBank
	Applying Computational Linguistic Techniques in a Documentary Project for Q’anjob’al (Mayan Guatemala)
	Computing Reliability for Coreference Annotation
	Evaluation and Adaptation of the Celex Dutch Morphological Database
	Integration of Russian Language Resources
	Providing on-line access to Portuguese language resources: corpora and lexicons
	Rethinking readability of digital editions - the case of the AAC’s "Digital Brenner"
	The AAC [Austrian Academy Corpus] An Enterprise to Develop Large Electronic Text Corpora
	The Automatic Content Extraction (ACE) Program - Tasks, Data, and Evaluation
	The Corpógrafo – a Web-based environment for corpora research
	The Cross-Breeding of Dictionaries
Corpora associated tools	The Lácio-Web: Corpora and Tools to advance Brazilian Portuguese Language Investigations and Computational Linguistic Tools
Corpora creation	The CLaRK System: XML-based Corpora Development System for Rapid Prototyping
Corpora tools	Querying both time-aligned and hierarchical corpora with NXT Search
Corporate Voice	Tone-of-Voice and Controlled Language Techniques
Corpus	A Chatbot as a Novel Corpus Visualization Tool
	A Search Tool for Corpora with Positional Tagsets and Ambiguities
	A Syntactically Annotated Corpus of Tibetan
	Building a Paraphrase Corpus for Speech Translation
	Corpus based Enrichment of GermaNet Verb Frames
	Development of a Corpus Workbench for the METU Turkish Corpus
	Enlarging the Croatian Morphological Lexicon by Automatic Lexical Acquisition from Raw Corpora
	EVALDA-CESART Project: Terminological Resources Acquisition Tools Evaluation Campaign
	Evaluation of Transcription and Annotation Tools for a Multi-modal, Multi-party Dialogue Corpus
	Multifunctional Computational Lexicon of Contemporary Portuguese: An Available Resource for Multitype Applications
	Open Collaborative Development of the Thai Language Resources for Natural Language Processing
	Parsing Ungrammatical Input: An Evaluation Procedure
	Sejong Korean Corpora in the Making
	Speech & Expression - The Value of a Longitudinal Corpus
	Text Corpora, Local Grammars and Prediction
	The American National Corpus First Release
	The GENOMA-KB Platform: Queries Over Integrated Linguistic Resources
	The GENOMA-KB project: towards the integration of concepts, terms, textual corpora and entities
	The Lancaster Corpus of Mandarin Chinese: A Corpus for Monolingual and Contrastive Language Study
	Toward Text Understanding: Integrating Relevance-tagged Corpus and Automatically Constructed Case Frames
	Word Association Norms as a Unique Supplement of Traditional Language Resources
Corpus analysis	Why do you ignore me? - Proof that not all direct speech is bad
Corpus annotation	Acquiring Reusable Multilingual Phonotactic Resources
	An Annotated Corpus of Tutorial Dialogs on Mathematical Theorem Proving
	Annotators' Agreement: The Case of Topic-Focus Articulation
	Exploiting Semantic Web Technologies for Intelligent Access to Historical Documents
	Issues in Annotation of the Czech Spontaneous Speech Corpus in the MALACH Project
	Raising the Bar: Stacked Conservative Error Correction Beyond Boosting
	Semi-automatic Syntactic and Semantic Corpus Annotation with a Deep Parser
	The American National Corpus First Release
	The Penn Discourse Treebank
	Toward an Annotation Software for Video of Sign Language, Including Image Processing Tools and Signing Space Modelling
Corpus annotation tool	Retrieving Annotated Corpora for Corpus Annotation
Corpus based method	Automatic Extraction of Hyponyms from Japanese Newspapers Using Lexico-syntactic Patterns
Corpus comparison	Detection of Domain Specific Terminology Using Corpora Comparison
Corpus conversion	Automatic transformation of phrase treebanks to dependency trees
Corpus creation	Exploiting Semantic Web Technologies for Intelligent Access to Historical Documents
Corpus design	Issues in Corpus Development for Multi-party Multi-modal Task-oriented Dialogue
Corpus Development	Creation of a Doctor-Patient Dialogue Corpus Using Standardized Patients
Corpus encoding	Term Translations in Parallel Corpora: Discovery and Consistency Check
Corpus exploration	Putting the Dutch PAROLE Corpus to Work
Corpus for Mexican Spanish	VOXMEX Speech Database: Design of a Phonetically Balanced Corpus
Corpus investigation	A New Approach to the Corpus-based Statistical Investigation of Hungarian Multi-word Lexemes
Corpus linguistics	Annotating a corpus for building a domain-specific knowledge base
Corpus linguistics	MiniCors and Cast3LB: Two Semantically Tagged Spanish Corpora
Corpus Production	Evaluating Factors Impacting the Accuracy of Forced Alignments in a Multimodal Corpus
Corpus profiling	A Framework for Evaluating the Suitability of Non-English Corpora for Language Engineering
Corpus query	Querying both time-aligned and hierarchical corpora with NXT Search
Corpus statistics	Morphology Based Automatic Acquisition of Large-coverage Lexica
Corpus tools	The Corpógrafo – a Web-based environment for corpora research
Corpus, acoustic	An Acoustic Corpus Contemplating Regional Variation for Studies of European Portuguese Nasals
Corpus-based Analysis of Interlanguage	Connector Usage in the English Essay Writing of Japanese EFL Learners
Corpus-based learning	Raising the Bar: Stacked Conservative Error Correction Beyond Boosting
CQP	A Search Tool for Corpora with Positional Tagsets and Ambiguities
Creation of Basic Language Resources	A Language Resources Infrastructure for Bulgarian
Creation of LR	Linguistic annotation of the Spoken Dutch Corpus: If we had to do it all over again ...
Creativity	Concept Creation in Lexical Ontologies
Creativity	Enriching WordNet Via Generative Metonymy and Creative Polysemy
Croatian	Enlarging the Croatian Morphological Lexicon by Automatic Lexical Acquisition from Raw Corpora
Cross Validation	Comparative Evaluations in the Domain of Automatic Speech Recognition
Cross-channel	The Mixer Corpus of Multilingual, Multichannel Speaker Recognition Data
Cross-language comparison	A Fine-Grained Evaluation Method for Speech-to-Speech Machine Translation Using Concept Annotations
Cross-Language Information Retrieval	Development of Bilingual Domain-Specific Ontology for Automatic Conceptual Indexing
Cross-Language Information Retrieval	The Future of Evaluation for Cross-Language Information Retrieval Systems
Cross-language retrieval	Evaluation of Cross-Language Information Retrieval Using the Domain-Specific GIRT Data as Parallel German-English Corpus
Cross-level observations	Querying both time-aligned and hierarchical corpora with NXT Search
Cross-Lingual	CrossTowns: Automatically Generated Phonetic Lexicons of Cross-Lingual Pronunciation Variants of European City Names
Crosslingual document classification	Cross-effective cross-lingual document classification
Cross-lingual information retrieval	EuroWordNet as a Resource for Cross-language Information Retrieval
Cross-lingual information retrieval	Evaluation Resources for Concept-based Cross-Lingual Information Retrieval in the Medical Domain
Crosslingual information transfer	Exploring Portability of Syntactic Information from English to Basque
Crosslingual retrieval	Integrated Language Technologies for Multilingual Information Services in the MEMPHIS Project
Cross-lingual speech recognition	The COST 278 MASPER initiative - crosslingual speech recognition with large telephone databases
Crosslingual summarization	MEAD - A Platform for Multidocument Multilingual Text Summarization
Cross-linguistics	You stupid tin box' - children interacting with the AIBO robot: A cross-linguistic emotional speech corpus.
Cross-system comparison	A Fine-Grained Evaluation Method for Speech-to-Speech Machine Translation Using Concept Annotations
CrossTowns	CrossTowns: Automatically Generated Phonetic Lexicons of Cross-Lingual Pronunciation Variants of European City Names
Cued speech	EVALUATION OF A SPEECH CUER: FROM MOTION CAPTURE TO A CONCATENATIVE TEXT-TO-CUED SPEECH SYSTEM
Cyrrilic	Russian Information Retrieval Evaluation Seminar
Czech	Issues in Annotation of the Czech Spontaneous Speech Corpus in the MALACH Project
Czech	The Design of Czech Language Formal Listening Tests for the Evaluation of TTS Systems
Czech corpus	Semantic Annotating of Czech Corpus via WSD
Czech National Corpus	The Design of Czech Language Formal Listening Tests for the Evaluation of TTS Systems
D
DAML+OIL	Ontology Evaluation Functionalities of RDF(S), DAML+OIL, and OWL Parsers and Ontology Platforms
Danish language technology	A Named Entity Recognizer for Danish
Data architecture	Co-reference in Japanese Task-oriented Dialogues: A Contribution to the Development of Language-specific and Language-general Annotation Schemes and Resources
Data categories	A Global Data Category Registry for Interoperable Language Resources
Data categories	Towards a Reference Annotation Framework
Data category registry	A Global Data Category Registry for Interoperable Language Resources
Data centers	A Progress Report from the Linguistic Data Consortium: Recent Activities in Resource Creation and Distribution and the Development of Tools and Standards
Data centers	Linguistic Resources for Effective, Affordable, Reusable Speech-to-Text
Data collection	Collecting and Sharing Bilingual Spontaneous Speech Corpora: the ChinFaDial Experiment
	Current Projects in Languages of Military Interest at the Defense Language Institute
	SALA II across the finish line: a large collection of mobile telephone speech databases from North and Latin America completed
	The Fisher Corpus: a Resource for the Next Generations of Speech-to-Text
Data distribution	Current Projects in Languages of Military Interest at the Defense Language Institute
Data formats	Concept-based queries: Combining and Reusing Linguistic Corpus Formats and Query Languages
Data labeling	COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF A STOCHASTIC PARSER ON SEMANTIC AND SYNTACTIC-SEMANTIC LABELS
Data meta-models	A Global Data Category Registry for Interoperable Language Resources
Data Mining	A Suite of Tools for Marking Up Textual Data for Temporal Text Mining Scenarios
	CHeM: A System for the Automatic Analysis of e-mails in the Restoration and Conservation Domain
	Exploiting Anchor Text as a Lexical Resource
Data repository	An Information Repository Model for Advanced Question Answering Systems
Data reuse	Rethinking Reusable Resources
Database	Bootstrapping a database of German multi-word expressions
	Integration of Russian Language Resources
	Talkbank: Building an Open Unified Multimodal Database of Communicative Interaction
Database annotation	Orthographic and Phonetic Annotation of Very Large Czech Corpora with Quality Assessment
Databases	A Large-Scale Resource for Storing and Recognizing Technical Terminology
	Generating Coreferential Descriptions from a Structured Model of the Context
	Methods of digital access for legal language documentation
	The SPARTACUS-Database: a Spanish Sentence Database for Offline Handwriting Recognition
Data-driven adaptation	A data-driven adaptation of prosody in a multilingual TTS
Dataset profiling	Frequent Term Distribution Measures for Dataset Profiling
Datasets	An XML Representation for Annotated Handwriting Datasets for Online Handwriting Recognition
Datasets	Experiences in Collection of Handwriting Data for Online Handwriting Recognition in Indic Scripts
DBT	Computational Lexicography and Carlo Emilio Gadda, Principe dell'Analisi e Duca della Buona Cognizione
DBT	Linguistic Miner: an Italian Linguistic Knowledge System
Declination phenomenon	Corpus Design, Recording and Phonetic Analysis of Greek Emotional Database
Deep	Semi-automatic Syntactic and Semantic Corpus Annotation with a Deep Parser
Deep and Shallow NLP Processing	The DeepThought Core Architecture Framework
Deep Linguistic Processing	Road-testing the English Resource Grammar over the British National Corpus
Deep NLP	Lexical Entry Templates for Robust Deep Parsing
Deep written language resources	Creating multi-purpose linguistic resources for Modern Greek: a deep Modern Greek Grammar
Definite descriptions	Can Anaphoric Definite Descriptions be Replaced by Pronouns?
Definition	Identifying Definitions in Text Collections for Question Answering
Definition Knowledge	Identifying Definitions in Text Collections for Question Answering
Depdendency structures	Mapping Dependency Structures to Phrase Structures and the Automatic Acquisition of Mapping Rules
Dependency annotated corpus	Phrase-Based Dependency Evaluation of a Japanese Parser
Dependency Parsing	Exploiting Language Resources for Semantic Web Annotations
Dependency trees	Automatic transformation of phrase treebanks to dependency trees
Derivation	The Core of the Czech Derivational Dictionary
Derivational dictionary	The Core of the Czech Derivational Dictionary
Derivational morphology	Derivational Relations in Flectional Languages - Czech Case
Design process	User Query Analysis for the Specification and Evaluation of a Dialogue Processing and Retrieval System
Devanagaric	Experiences in Collection of Handwriting Data for Online Handwriting Recognition in Indic Scripts
Development of lexical resources	Combining Heterogeneous Lexical Resources
DFSA	Automated Morphological Segmentation and Evaluation
Diachronic corpus	A natural language approach to information management: tracking scientific advances through the structure of words
Diachronic language database	The Integrated Language Database of 8th - 21st-Century Dutch
Dialect adaptation	Cypriot Speech Database: Data Collection and Greek to Cypriot Dialect Adaptation
Dialog Systems	Framework for data-driven video-realistic audio-visual speech-synthesis
Dialogue	Collecting and Sharing Bilingual Spontaneous Speech Corpora: the ChinFaDial Experiment
Dialogue	Evaluation of Transcription and Annotation Tools for a Multi-modal, Multi-party Dialogue Corpus
Dialogue Acts	Abstracting a Dialogue Act Tagset for Meeting Processing
	An argumentative annotation schema for meeting discussions
	Human dialogue modelling using annotated corpora
Dialogue annotation	An argumentative annotation schema for meeting discussions
Dialogue corpora collection	An Environment for Dialogue Corpora Collection (ENDIACC)
Dialogue Models	The African Speech Technology Project: An Assessment
Dialogue Processing	Building and Using a Corpus of Shallow Dialog Annotated Meetings
Dialogue Processing	Human dialogue modelling using annotated corpora
Dialogue smoothness	From Acts and Topics to Transactions and Dialogue Smoothness
Dialogue system	Evaluation of a Multimodal Dialogue System for Small-screen Devices
Dialogues	Linguistic annotation of the Spoken Dutch Corpus: If we had to do it all over again ...
Diathesis alternations	Verb Valency Descriptors for a Syntactic Treebank
Dictionary	Augmenting Manual Dictionaries for Statistical Machine Translation Systems
	Definition, dictionaries and tagger for Extended Named Entity Hierarchy
	The Cross-Breeding of Dictionaries
Dictionary lookup	Evaluating the FOKS Error Model
Dictionary making	Tools for Upgrading Printed Dictionaries by Means of Corpus-based Lexical Acquisition
Dictionary of inflected forms	Lexical Analysis of Agglutinative Languages Using a Dictionary of Lemmas and Lexical Transducers
Dictionary of lemmas	Lexical Analysis of Agglutinative Languages Using a Dictionary of Lemmas and Lexical Transducers
Didactic	The OLISSIPO and LECTIO Projects
Digital access	Methods of digital access for legal language documentation
Digital Library	Development of Resources for a Bilingual Automatic Index System of Broadcast News in Basque and Spanish
Digitization	Rethinking readability of digital editions - the case of the AAC’s "Digital Brenner"
Direct speech	Why do you ignore me? - Proof that not all direct speech is bad
Disambiguation	Comparing the Ambiguity Reduction Abilities of Probabilistic Context-Free Grammars
	Finding the Correct Interpretation of Swedish Compounds a Statistical Approach
	Resources for Place Name Analysis
Discourse	A General-Purpose off-the-shelf Anaphora Resolution Module: Implementation and Preliminary Evaluation
	CST Bank: A Corpus for the Study of Cross-document Structural Relationships
	Information Extraction from Hindi Texts
	RevisionBank: A Resource for Revision-based Multi-document Summarization and Evaluation
	Using the NITE XML Toolkit on the Switchboard Corpus to Study Syntactic Choice: A Case Study
Discourse analysis	Using large multi-purpose corpora for specific research questions: discourse phenomena related to wh-questions in the Spoken Dutch Corpus
Discourse connectives	The Penn Discourse Treebank
Discourse entity	Computing Reliability for Coreference Annotation
Discourse Markers	Mining the Web for Discourse Markers
Discourse patterns	Multiple Sequence Alignment for characterizing the linear structure of revision
Discourse semantics	Utilization of Multiple Language Resources for Robust Grammar-Based Tense and Aspect Classification
Discovery	A Large Metadata Domain of Language Resources
Discovery	Cross-Disciplinary Integration of Metadata Descriptions
Disfluency annotation	A Multi-Modal Documentation System for Warao
Disfluency annotation	Annotation Tools for Large-Scale Corpus Development: Using AGTK at the Linguistic Data Consortium
Distance Measures	Using WordNet to Measure Semantic Orientations of Adjectives
Distributed Language Resources	Building Distributed Language Resources by Grid Computing
Distribution	The Centre for Dutch Language and Speech Technology (TST Centre)
Distributional consistency	Distributional Consistency: As a General Method for Defining a Core Lexicon
Distributional semantics	Publicly Available Topic Signatures for all WordNet Nominal Senses
Distributional similarity	A Freely Available Automatically Generated Thesaurus of Related Words
Distributional similarity	Utilizing the One-Sense-per-Discourse Constraint for Fully Unsupervised Word Sense Induction and Disambiguation
DM decomposition	Grouping Synonymous Sentences from a Parallel Corpus
Doctor-Patient Interaction	Creation of a Doctor-Patient Dialogue Corpus Using Standardized Patients
Document classification	Cross-effective cross-lingual document classification
Document clustering	Meaningful Clusters
Domain markers detection	Automatically selecting domain markers for terminology extraction
Domain specific language resources	Discovery of (New) Knowledge and the Analysis of Text Corpora
Domain-oriented system	Evaluating Conversation with Hans Christian Andersen
Domain-specific corpora	BootCaT: Bootstrapping Corpora and Terms from the Web
Domain-specific data	Evaluation of Cross-Language Information Retrieval Using the Domain-Specific GIRT Data as Parallel German-English Corpus
DTD	Bilingual Connections for Trilingual Corpora: An XML Approach
Duration	Corpus Design, Recording and Phonetic Analysis of Greek Emotional Database
Duration modeling	Duration Modeling for Turkish Text-to-Speech Synthesis System
Dutch	Putting the Dutch PAROLE Corpus to Work
Dutch	Use and Evaluation of Prosodic Annotations in Dutch
Dynamic Bayesian networks	Language Modeling using Dynamic Bayesian Networks
Dynamic reordering	A Hybrid Strategy for Regular Grammar Parsing
E
EAGLES	Towards basic categories for describing properties of texts in a corpus
Education	An Emerging Transcontinental Collaborative Research and Education Agenda in Human Language Technologies
Edutainment	Evaluating Conversation with Hans Christian Andersen
ELAN	Annotation Multi-media / Multi-modal Resources with ELAN
ELAN	Collaborative Annotation of Sign Language Data with Peer-to-Peer Technology
E-learning	Application of the BLEU Method for Evaluating Free-text Answers in an E-learning Environment
E-learning	Incremental Methods to Select Test Sentences for Evaluating Translation Ability
Electroglotograph	An Acoustic Corpus Contemplating Regional Variation for Studies of European Portuguese Nasals
Electronic dictionaries	Making an XML-based Japanese-Slovene Learners' Dictionary
ELRA	ELRA Validation Methodology and Standard Promotion for Linguistic Resources
ELRA	Recent Activities within the European Language Resources Association: Issues on Sharing Language Resources and Evaluation
Emotion detection	Reliability of Lexical and Prosodic Cues in two Real-life Spoken Dialog Corpora
Emotional features	Reusing Language Resources for Speech Applications involving Emotion
Emotional speech	Corpus Design, Recording and Phonetic Analysis of Greek Emotional Database
	Designing and Recording an Audiovisual Database of Emotional Speech in Basque
	Getting to the Heart of the Matter; Speech is more than just the Expression of Text or Language
	Evaluating an Authentic Audio-Visual Expressive Speech Corpus
Endangered languages	A Multi-Modal Documentation System for Warao
Endangered languages	Applying Computational Linguistic Techniques in a Documentary Project for Q’anjob’al (Mayan Guatemala)
English	Converting Treebank Annotations to Language Neutral Syntax
English	Tone-of-Voice and Controlled Language Techniques
English article	Detecting Errors in English Article Usage with a Maximum Entropy Classifier Trained on a Large, Diverse Corpus
English determiner	Detecting Errors in English Article Usage with a Maximum Entropy Classifier Trained on a Large, Diverse Corpus
English -ing ambiguity	Multilingual Corpus-based Approach to the Resolution of English -ing
English semantic tagger	Evaluating Lexical Resources for A Semantic Tagger
Ensemble learning	Semi-supervised learning by Fuzzy clustering and Ensemble learning
Entities	The Automatic Content Extraction (ACE) Program - Tasks, Data, and Evaluation
Entity	The GENOMA-KB Platform: Queries Over Integrated Linguistic Resources
Entity extraction	Exploiting Anchor Text as a Lexical Resource
Entropy	Automated Morphological Segmentation and Evaluation
Error correction	Raising the Bar: Stacked Conservative Error Correction Beyond Boosting
Error detection	NLP-enhanced error Checking for Catalan unrestricted text
Error detection	Unexpected Productions May Well be Errors
Error tagging	The overview of the SST speech corpus of Japanese learner English and evaluation through the experiment on automatic detection of learners' errors
Ethnolinguistics	A Multi-Modal Documentation System for Warao
Euro WordNet	EuroWordNet as a Resource for Cross-language Information Retrieval
	Enriching EWN with Syntagmatic Information by means of WSD
	Enriching the Spanish EuroWordNet by Collocations
	Metaphors in Wordnets: from Theory to Practice
	Spanish WordNet 1.6: Porting the Spanish WordNet Across Princeton Versions
	Towards the MEANING Top Ontology: Sources of Ontological Meaning
EVALDA	Technolangue: A Permanent Evaluation and Information Infrastructure
Evaluation	A comparison of summarisation methods based on term specificity estimation
	A practical competition of different filters used in automatic term extraction
	A Public Reference Implementation of the RAP Anaphora Resolution Algorithm
	Agreement in Human Factoid Annotation for Summarization Evaluation
	Automatic Methods to Supplement Broad-Coverage Subcategorization Lexicons
	Benchmarking ontology tools. A case study for the WebODE platform
	Calibrating Resource-light Automatic MT Evaluation: A Cheap Approach to Ranking MT Systems by the Usability of their Output
	Comparing the Ambiguity Reduction Abilities of Probabilistic Context-Free Grammars
	Data Driven Ontology Evaluation
	Enriching a French Treebank
	Evaluating Conversation with Hans Christian Andersen
	Evaluating Lexical Resources for A Semantic Tagger
	Evaluating Multimodal NLG using Production Experiments
	Evaluation and Adaptation of a Specialised Language Checking Tool for Non-specialised Machine Translation and Non-expert MT Users for Multi-lingual Telecooperation
	Evaluation of a Multimodal Dialogue System for Small-screen Devices
	Evaluation of Consensus on the Annotation of Prosodic Breaks in the Romance Corpus of Spontaneous Speech “C-ORAL-ROM”
	Evaluation of Cross-Language Information Retrieval Using the Domain-Specific GIRT Data as Parallel German-English Corpus
	Evaluation of Microphone Array Front-Ends for ASR - an Extension of the AURORA Framework
	Evaluation of Multi-party Virtual Reality Dialogue Interaction
	Evaluation Resources for Concept-based Cross-Lingual Information Retrieval in the Medical Domain
	Frequent Term Distribution Measures for Dataset Profiling
	Handling Subtle Sense Distinctions through Wordnet Semantic Types
	How Does Automatic Machine Translation Evaluation Correlate With Human Scoring as the Number of Reference Translations Increases?
	MEAD - A Platform for Multidocument Multilingual Text Summarization
	Methodology for Rapid Prototyping and Testing of ASR Based User Interfaces
	On the problems of creating a golden standard of inflected forms in Portuguese
	On the Usefulness of Large Spoken Language Corpora for Linguistic Research
	Online Evaluation of Coreference Resolution
	Parsing Ungrammatical Input: An Evaluation Procedure
	Russian Information Retrieval Evaluation Seminar
	Textual Distraction as a Basis for Evaluating Automatic Summarisers
	The Automatic Content Extraction (ACE) Program - Tasks, Data, and Evaluation
	The DeepThought Core Architecture Framework
	The Future of Evaluation for Cross-Language Information Retrieval Systems
	The Influence of the Labeller’s Regional Background on Phonetic Transcriptions: Implications for the Evaluation of Spoken Language Resources
	Unsupervised Text Mining for Ontology Extraction: An Evaluation of Statistical Measures
	Usability Evaluation of Multimodal and Domain-Oriented Spoken Language Dialogue Systems
	Usability Evaluation of Spoken Dialogue Systems
	User Query Analysis for the Specification and Evaluation of a Dialogue Processing and Retrieval System
	Using PiTagger for Lemmatization and PoS Tagging of a Spontaneous Speech Corpus: C-ORAL-ROM Italian
Evaluation campaign	EVALDA-CESART Project: Terminological Resources Acquisition Tools Evaluation Campaign
Evaluation campaign	The ESTER Evaluation Campaign for the Rich Transcription of French Broadcast News
Evaluation contests	On the problems of creating a golden standard of inflected forms in Portuguese
Evaluation data	Methodology For Building Thematic Indexes In Medecine For French
Evaluation Methodologies	Designing a Realistic Evaluation of an End-to-end Interactive Question Answering System
Evaluation methodology	A Critical Survey of the Methodology for IE Evaluation
	NIST Language Technology Evaluation Cookbook
	The French MEDIA/EVALDA project: the evaluation of the understanding capability of Spoken Language Dialogue Systems
Evaluation methods	INSPIRE: Evaluation of a Smart-Home System for Infotainment Management and Device Control
Evaluation morphology	On the problems of creating a golden standard of inflected forms in Portuguese
Evaluation of annotation	Annotators' Agreement: The Case of Topic-Focus Articulation
Evaluation of resources	Extending a verb-lexicon using a semantically annotated corpus
Evaluation of subjective tasks	Re-using high-quality resources for continued evaluation of automated summarization systems
Evaluation paradigms	The Ongoing Evaluation Campaign of Syntactic Parsing of French: EASY
Evaluation plan	NIST Language Technology Evaluation Cookbook
Evaluation protocol	EVALDA-CESART Project: Terminological Resources Acquisition Tools Evaluation Campaign
Evaluation Standards	Beyond TREC's Filtering Track
Event annotation	A Suite of Tools for Marking Up Textual Data for Temporal Text Mining Scenarios
Event Extraction	Text Corpora, Local Grammars and Prediction
Events	The Automatic Content Extraction (ACE) Program - Tasks, Data, and Evaluation
Example-Based MT	Automatic Translation Memory Fuzzy Match Post-Editing: A Step beyond Traditional TM/MT Integration
Experience Evaluation	Designing a Realistic Evaluation of an End-to-end Interactive Question Answering System
Experimental setting	An Environment for Dialogue Corpora Collection (ENDIACC)
Exploitations	A Danish Lexicon Resource - Ready for Applications
Expressive speech processing	Speech & Expression - The Value of a Longitudinal Corpus
Extended data	The Mixer Corpus of Multilingual, Multichannel Speaker Recognition Data
Extraction	EVALDA-CESART Project: Terminological Resources Acquisition Tools Evaluation Campaign
	Textual Distraction as a Basis for Evaluating Automatic Summarisers
	The Automatic Content Extraction (ACE) Program - Tasks, Data, and Evaluation
F
Fast transcription	Automatic audio and manual transcripts alignment, time-code transfer and selection of exact transcripts
Feature distributions	The Statistical Analysis of Morphosyntactic Distributions
Feature Structure	Towards an International Standard on Feature Structure Representation
Field recordings	Management of Metadata in Linguistic Fieldwork: Experience from the ACLA Project
Filiation	Dynamic Lexicographic Data Modelling. A Diachronic Dictionary Development Report
Finite state filter	Bootstrapping a database of German multi-word expressions
Finite state machines	A Large-Scale Resource for Storing and Recognizing Technical Terminology
Finite state phonology	A Multilingual Phonological Resource Toolkit for Ubiquitous Speech Technology
Finite state transducer	SMOR: A German Computational Morphology Covering Derivation, Composition, and Inflection
Finite-state morphology	Applying Computational Linguistic Techniques in a Documentary Project for Q’anjob’al (Mayan Guatemala)
Finite-state parsing	Portuguese Large-scale Language Resources for NLP Applications
Fixed telephone speech	Development of New Telephone Speech Databases for French: The NEOLOGOS Project
Flectional languages	Derivational Relations in Flectional Languages - Czech Case
F-Measure	How Does Automatic Machine Translation Evaluation Correlate With Human Scoring as the Number of Reference Translations Increases?
Forced Alignment	Evaluating Factors Impacting the Accuracy of Forced Alignments in a Multimodal Corpus
Formalization of terminology work	Principles of a system for terminological concept modelling
FrameNet	FrameNet as a ``Net''
Free distribution	Collecting and Sharing Bilingual Spontaneous Speech Corpora: the ChinFaDial Experiment
Free software	FreeLing: An Open-Source Suite of Language Analyzers
Free software	The Language Belongs to the People!
Freeware	Collecting and Sharing Bilingual Spontaneous Speech Corpora: the ChinFaDial Experiment
French	Enriching a French Treebank
French-English corpus	Annotation of anaphoric expressions in an aligned bilingual corpus
Frequency	Multifunctional Computational Lexicon of Contemporary Portuguese: An Available Resource for Multitype Applications
Frequency dictionary	Creating open language resources for Hungarian
Functional tagging	Enriching a French Treebank
Fundamental frequency	Corpus Design, Recording and Phonetic Analysis of Greek Emotional Database
Future perspectives	A Danish Lexicon Resource - Ready for Applications
Fuzzy clustering	Semi-supervised learning by Fuzzy clustering and Ensemble learning
G
Gadda C.E.	Computational Lexicography and Carlo Emilio Gadda, Principe dell'Analisi e Duca della Buona Cognizione
GALEMU	Evaluation of Different Similarity Measures for the Extraction of Multiword Units in a Reinforcement Learning Environment
Galician	Parallel corpora for the Galician language: building and processing of the CLUVI (Linguistic Corpus of the University of Vigo)
Galician corpus	A Galician Textual Corpus for Morphosyntactic Tagging with Application to Text-to-Speech Synthesis
Gazetteer	Resources for Place Name Analysis
Gazetteers	Automatic Building Gazetteers of Co-referring Named Entities
General purpose	Towards General-Purpose Annotation Tools – How far are we today?
Generation	Generating an Arabic full-form lexicon for bidirectional morphology lookup
	Generating Coreferential Descriptions from a Structured Model of the Context
	Using Paradigm Tables to Generate New Utterances Similar to those Existing in Linguistic Resources
Genetic algorithms	Evaluation of Different Similarity Measures for the Extraction of Multiword Units in a Reinforcement Learning Environment
GENOMA-KB	The GENOMA-KB Platform: Queries Over Integrated Linguistic Resources
Geographical named entities	Automatic Classification of Geographical Named Entities
German	A High Quality Partial Parser for Annotating German Text Corpora
	MAUS Goes Iterative
	The BITS Speech Synthesis Corpus for German
GermaNet	Corpus based Enrichment of GermaNet Verb Frames
Gesture	Talkbank: Building an Open Unified Multimodal Database of Communicative Interaction
Gesture annotation	CoGesT: A Formal Transcription System for Conversational Gesture
Gigaword corpus	Creating open language resources for Hungarian
Gloss generation	Automatic Generation of Glosses in the OntoLearn System
Golden standard	On the problems of creating a golden standard of inflected forms in Portuguese
Grammar and style checker	A Grammar and Style Checker Based on Internet Searches
Grammar development	A Lexicon Module for a Grammar Development Environment
Grammar development	eGram - a Grammar Development Environment and its Usage for Language Generation
Grammar editor	eGram - a Grammar Development Environment and its Usage for Language Generation
Grammar extraction	Building a Large Grammar for Italian
Grammar Matrix	Creating multi-purpose linguistic resources for Modern Greek: a deep Modern Greek Grammar
Grammars	Semi-automatic Acquisition of Command Grammar
Grammatical Relations	Adding Syntactic Annotations to Transcripts of Parent-Child Dialogs
Grapheme-to-phoneme	A Graphical Tool for Handling Rule Grammars in Java Speech Grammar Format
Greek	Bypassing Greeklish!
Greeklish	Bypassing Greeklish!
Grid Computing	Building Distributed Language Resources by Grid Computing
GUI	Callisto: A Configurable Annotation Workbench
H
Handling productivity	Towards a Dynamic Lexicon: Predicting the Syntactic Argument Structure of Complex Verbs
Handwriting recognition	The SPARTACUS-Database: a Spanish Sentence Database for Offline Handwriting Recognition
Hearing-impaired	Using a Parallel Transcript/Subtitle Corpus for Sentence Compression
Hidden Markov Model (HMM)	Comparative Evaluations in the Domain of Automatic Speech Recognition
Hidden Markov models	COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF A STOCHASTIC PARSER ON SEMANTIC AND SYNTACTIC-SEMANTIC LABELS
Hierarchical relations	Extraction of Hyperonymy of Adjectives from Large Corpora by Using the Neural Network Model
High Frequency Word	Improving Collocation Extraction for High Frequency Words
Hindi Grapheme-to-Phoneme (G2P) conversion	Automatic Generation of Compound Word Lexicon for Hindi Speech Synthesis
HLT	Technolangue: A Permanent Evaluation and Information Infrastructure
HLT infrastructure	The new Dutch-Flemish HLT Programme: a concerted effort to stimulate the HLT sector
HLT infrastructure	Towards A Language Infrastructure for the Semantic Web
Homogeneity measures	Frequent Term Distribution Measures for Dataset Profiling
HPSG	Creating multi-purpose linguistic resources for Modern Greek: a deep Modern Greek Grammar
HPSG	Information Extraction from Hindi Texts
Human Computer Interaction	Framework for data-driven video-realistic audio-visual speech-synthesis
Human Genome	The GENOMA-KB Platform: Queries Over Integrated Linguistic Resources
Human Judgements	A Fine-Grained Evaluation Method for Speech-to-Speech Machine Translation Using Concept Annotations
Human Language Technology	An Emerging Transcontinental Collaborative Research and Education Agenda in Human Language Technologies
Human translation	Incremental Methods to Select Test Sentences for Evaluating Translation Ability
Hybrid constraints	Hybrid Constraints for Robust Parsing: First Experiments and Evaluation
Hyperlinks	Exploiting Anchor Text as a Lexical Resource
Hyponym	Automatic Extraction of Hyponyms from Japanese Newspapers Using Lexico-syntactic Patterns
I
Idiom	A Multilingual Database of Idioms
Idioms	Reusable Lexical Representations for Idioms
IE Rule Acquisition	A Domain-Independent Approach to IE Rule Development
Illustration	A Chatbot as a Novel Corpus Visualization Tool
ILR	The Effect of Text Difficulty on Machine Translation Performance -- A Pilot Study with ILR-Rated texts in Spanish, Farsi, Arabic, Russian and Korean
Image Processing	Toward an Annotation Software for Video of Sign Language, Including Image Processing Tools and Signing Space Modelling
IMDI metadata	Embedding IMDI Metadata into a Large Phonetic Corpus
Incremental development	A pattern extraction workbench combining multiple linguistic levels
Index System	Development of Resources for a Bilingual Automatic Index System of Broadcast News in Basque and Spanish
Indexing	EVALDA-CESART Project: Terminological Resources Acquisition Tools Evaluation Campaign
Indexing	Linguistic Corpus Search
Inductive logic programming	Automatic Classification of Geographical Named Entities
Inference	Acquiring Bayesian Networks from Text
	Consistent Storage of Metadata in Inference Lexica: The MetaLex Approach
	Generating Coreferential Descriptions from a Structured Model of the Context
Inflectional morphology	Creation of reusable components and language resources for Named Entity Recognition in Russian
Information Extraction	A Critical Survey of the Methodology for IE Evaluation
	A Domain-Independent Approach to IE Rule Development
	A pattern extraction workbench combining multiple linguistic levels
	An Annotation Scheme for a Rhetorical Analysis of Biology Articles
	Automatic Language-Independent Induction of Gazetteer Lists
	Categorizing Web Pages as a Preprocessing Step for Information Extraction
	Discovery of (New) Knowledge and the Analysis of Text Corpora
	Identifying Definitions in Text Collections for Question Answering
	Information Extraction from Hindi Texts
	Integrated Language Technologies for Multilingual Information Services in the MEMPHIS Project
	Linguistic Miner: an Italian Linguistic Knowledge System
	NameNet: A Self-Improving Resource for Name Classification
	PBIE: A DATA PREPARATION TOOLKIT toward DEVELOPING a PARSING-BASED INFORMATION EXTRACTION SYSTEM
	Semantic Mark-up of Italian Legal Texts Through NLP-based Techniques
Information Filtering	Beyond TREC's Filtering Track
Information management	A natural language approach to information management: tracking scientific advances through the structure of words
Information Retrieval	Automatic Keyword Extraction from Spoken Text. A Comparison of two Lexical Resources: the EDR and WordNet
	CHeM: A System for the Automatic Analysis of e-mails in the Restoration and Conservation Domain
	Collecting Spontaneously Spoken Queries for Information Retrieval
	Development of Resources for a Bilingual Automatic Index System of Broadcast News in Basque and Spanish
	Evaluation of Cross-Language Information Retrieval Using the Domain-Specific GIRT Data as Parallel German-English Corpus
	Finding Semantic Associations on Express Lane
	From Weaver to the ALPAC Report
	Highlighting latent structure in documents
	Information Retrieval System Using Latent Contextual Relevance
	Language Model Adaptation for Statistical Machine Translation based on Information Retrieval
Information Retrieval System	The Future of Evaluation for Cross-Language Information Retrieval Systems
Information Status	An Annotation Scheme for Information Status in Dialogue
Information structure	The MULI Project: Annotation and Analysis of Information Structure in German and English
Inheritance	Semi-automatic UNL Dictionary Generation using WordNet.PT
InkML	An XML Representation for Annotated Handwriting Datasets for Online Handwriting Recognition
Integrated System	Linguistic Miner: an Italian Linguistic Knowledge System
Interactive	Design of an Interactive Web-based User Interface for Speech Database Query Formation
Interactivity	A pattern extraction workbench combining multiple linguistic levels
Inter-annotator Agreement	An Annotation Scheme for Information Status in Dialogue
Interdisciplinary	Cross-Disciplinary Integration of Metadata Descriptions
Interface issues	The Lácio-Web: Corpora and Tools to advance Brazilian Portuguese Language Investigations and Computational Linguistic Tools
Interfaces	Rethinking readability of digital editions - the case of the AAC’s "Digital Brenner"
Interlinear text	Functional Requirements for an Interlinear Text Editor
Interlingua annotations	The Italian NESPOLE! Corpus: A Multilingual Database with Interlingua Annotation in Tourism and Medical Domains
Interlingual	A Fine-Grained Evaluation Method for Speech-to-Speech Machine Translation Using Concept Annotations
Interlingual alignment	A Methodology and Associated Tools for Building Interlingual Wordnets
Internet	A Grammar and Style Checker Based on Internet Searches
Internet	Enlarging the Croatian Morphological Lexicon by Automatic Lexical Acquisition from Raw Corpora
Internet available tools	An Environment for Dialogue Corpora Collection (ENDIACC)
Internet filtering	NLP-enhanced Content Filtering within the POESIA Project
Interoperability	Cross-Disciplinary Integration of Metadata Descriptions
Interoperability	Infrastructure for Collaborative Annotation of Speech
Interpreter	Collecting and Sharing Bilingual Spontaneous Speech Corpora: the ChinFaDial Experiment
Interpreting	Collecting and Sharing Bilingual Spontaneous Speech Corpora: the ChinFaDial Experiment
Intranet	Intranet Try To Find Project (ITTF): An Approach for the Search of Relevant Information Inside an Organization
IPA scheme	The COST 278 MASPER initiative - crosslingual speech recognition with large telephone databases
ISO	Towards an International Standard on Feature Structure Representation
ISO 639	Standards for Language Codes: Developing ISO
ISO TC 37	A Global Data Category Registry for Interoperable Language Resources
Italian	Representing Italian Complex Nominals: a Pilot Study
Italian Literature	Computational Lexicography and Carlo Emilio Gadda, Principe dell'Analisi e Duca della Buona Cognizione
ItalWordNet	Using Semantic Language Resources to Support Textual Inference for Question Answering
Iterated co-occurrences	Automatic Acquisition of Paradigmatic Relations using Iterated Co-occurrences
ITTF	Intranet Try To Find Project (ITTF): An Approach for the Search of Relevant Information Inside an Organization
J
Japanese	Evaluating the FOKS Error Model
	Korean-Chinese-Japanese Multilingual Wordnet with Shared Semantic Hierarchy
	Making an XML-based Japanese-Slovene Learners' Dictionary
Japanese EFL learners	Connector Usage in the English Essay Writing of Japanese EFL Learners
Japanese spatial noun	Classification of Japanese Spatial Nouns
Java Speech Grammar Format (JSGF),	A Graphical Tool for Handling Rule Grammars in Java Speech Grammar Format
JavaScript	Putting the Dutch PAROLE Corpus to Work
J-ToBI, Japanese	Japanese MULTEXT: A Prosodic Corpus
K
Kanji	Evaluating the FOKS Error Model
Keyword Extraction	Automatic Keyword Extraction from Spoken Text. A Comparison of two Lexical Resources: the EDR and WordNet
Knowledge acquisition	Constructing Word-Sense Association Networks from Bilingual Dictionary and Comparable Corpora
Knowledge base	Annotating a corpus for building a domain-specific knowledge base
Knowledge Bases	Human Language Technology Elements in a Knowledge Organisation System -The VID project
Knowledge Bases	The GENOMA-KB project: towards the integration of concepts, terms, textual corpora and entities
Knowledge discovery	Incremental Knowledge Acquisition from WordNet and EuroWordNet
Knowledge life-cycle	A natural language approach to information management: tracking scientific advances through the structure of words
Knowledge management	Integrated Language Technologies for Multilingual Information Services in the MEMPHIS Project
Knowledge Managenemt	The Role of MultiWord Terminology in Knowledge Management
Knowledge representation	Investigation on Semantics to Improve the COVAX System
Knowledge/Domain structure	Intelligent Building of Language Resources for HLT Applications
Knowledge-rich NLP	Some Meaning Procedures of Ontological Semantics
Korean	Korean-Chinese-Japanese Multilingual Wordnet with Shared Semantic Hierarchy
L
Lancaster Corpus	The Lancaster Corpus of Mandarin Chinese: A Corpus for Monolingual and Contrastive Language Study
Language acquisition	A Flexible Language Acquisition Tool Kit for Natural Language Processing
Language agility	Automatic Language-Independent Induction of Gazetteer Lists
Language codes	Standards for Language Codes: Developing ISO
Language Database	Collaborative Commentary: Opening Up Spoken Language Databases
Language documentation	A Multi-Modal Documentation System for Warao
	Securing Interpretability: The Case of Ega Language Documentation
	WALA: a multilingual resource repository for West African Languages
Language engineering	Automatic Language-Independent Induction of Gazetteer Lists
Language Errors	Parsing Ungrammatical Input: An Evaluation Procedure
Language for special purposes	Mercedes, A Term-In-Context Highlighter
Language identification	Integrated Language Technologies for Multilingual Information Services in the MEMPHIS Project
Language independent	Unexpected Productions May Well be Errors
Language learner	Evaluating the FOKS Error Model
Language learning	NLP-enhanced error Checking for Catalan unrestricted text
Language learning	Talkbank: Building an Open Unified Multimodal Database of Communicative Interaction
Language model	Comparative Evaluations in the Domain of Automatic Speech Recognition
Language model	Transcrigal: A Bilingual System for Automatic Indexing of Broadcast News
Language Modeling	Language Model Adaptation for Statistical Machine Translation based on Information Retrieval
Language Modeling	N-Gram Language Modeling for Robust Multi-Lingual Document Classification
Language models	Language Modeling using Dynamic Bayesian Networks
Language neutral syntax	Converting Treebank Annotations to Language Neutral Syntax
Language resource	Open Collaborative Development of the Thai Language Resources for Natural Language Processing
Language resource	Industrial Needs for Language Resources
Language resource management	Developping tools and building linguistic resources for Vietnamese morpho-syntactic processing
Language resources	A Global Data Category Registry for Interoperable Language Resources
	An Information Repository Model for Advanced Question Answering Systems
	Content Interoperability of Lexical Resources: Open Issues and “MILE” Perspectives
	Creation and Validation of Large Lexica for Speech-to-Speech Translation Purposes
	Design and Implementation of a Semantic Search Engine for Portuguese
	Development of New Telephone Speech Databases for French: The NEOLOGOS Project
	Development of Resources for a Bilingual Automatic Index System of Broadcast News in Basque and Spanish
	ENABLER Thematic Network of National Projects: Technical, Strategic and Political Issues of LRs
	NEMLAR - An Arabic Language Resources project
	Open Resources for Language Technology
	Providing on-line access to Portuguese language resources: corpora and lexicons
	Rethinking Reusable Resources
	Steps Towards Semantically Annotated Language Resources
	The Fisher Corpus: a Resource for the Next Generations of Speech-to-Text
	The Mixer Corpus of Multilingual, Multichannel Speaker Recognition Data
	The new Dutch-Flemish HLT Programme: a concerted effort to stimulate the HLT sector
	Towards Intelligent Written Cultural Heritage Processing - Lexical Processing
	Using Semantic Language Resources to Support Textual Inference for Question Answering
	Web Services Architecture for Language Resources
	Web Services for Language Resources and Language Technology Applications
Language resources and evaluation	Recent Activities within the European Language Resources Association: Issues on Sharing Language Resources and Evaluation
Language resources development	Developing Language Resources for a Transnational Digital Government System
Language resources for language engineering	Portuguese Large-scale Language Resources for NLP Applications
Language resources management	Developing Language Resources for a Transnational Digital Government System
Language similarities	The COST 278 MASPER initiative - crosslingual speech recognition with large telephone databases
Language Study	The Lancaster Corpus of Mandarin Chinese: A Corpus for Monolingual and Contrastive Language Study
Language technology	NIST Language Technology Evaluation Cookbook
Language technology aplications	Web Services for Language Resources and Language Technology Applications
Large corpora	Linguistic Corpus Search
	Using large multi-purpose corpora for specific research questions: discourse phenomena related to wh-questions in the Spoken Dutch Corpus
	WinPitch Corpus, a Text to Speech Alignment Tool for Multimodal Corpora
Large corpus	Detecting Errors in English Article Usage with a Maximum Entropy Classifier Trained on a Large, Diverse Corpus
Large DataBase	Linguistic Miner: an Italian Linguistic Knowledge System
Large lexica	Creation and Validation of Large Lexica for Speech-to-Speech Translation Purposes
Large spoken corpora	Improving Automatic Phonetic Transcription of Spontaneous Speech through Variant-Based Pronunciation Variation Modelling
Large vocabulary continuous speech recognition	Collecting Spontaneously Spoken Queries for Information Retrieval
Large-scale corpus	A Multi-Modal Documentation System for Warao
Large-scale corpus	Annotation Tools for Large-Scale Corpus Development: Using AGTK at the Linguistic Data Consortium
Latent Context Relevance	Information Retrieval System Using Latent Contextual Relevance
Latent Semantic Indexing	Information Retrieval System Using Latent Contextual Relevance
Latent Structure	Highlighting latent structure in documents
Latin	The OLISSIPO and LECTIO Projects
LC-STAR	Creating Slovenian Language Resources for Development of Speech-to-Speech Translation Components
Learner corpora	Connector Usage in the English Essay Writing of Japanese EFL Learners
Learner english	Connector Usage in the English Essay Writing of Japanese EFL Learners
Learning from unlabeled data	Corpus-based Learning of Lexical Resources for German Named Entity Recognition
Legacy data	Securing Interpretability: The Case of Ega Language Documentation
Legal language	Methods of digital access for legal language documentation
Legitimate translation variation	Modelling Legitimate Translation Variation for Automatic Evaluation of MT Quality
Lesk algorithm	Evaluating Variants of the Lesk Approach for Disambiguating Words
Lexemes	A New Approach to the Corpus-based Statistical Investigation of Hungarian Multi-word Lexemes
Lexica	Creating Slovenian Language Resources for Development of Speech-to-Speech Translation Components
Lexica	ELRA Validation Methodology and Standard Promotion for Linguistic Resources
Lexical Acquisition	A Similarity Measure for Unsupervised Semantic Disambiguation
	Clustering Concept Hierarchies from Text
	Enlarging the Croatian Morphological Lexicon by Automatic Lexical Acquisition from Raw Corpora
	Road-testing the English Resource Grammar over the British National Corpus
	Tools for Upgrading Printed Dictionaries by Means of Corpus-based Lexical Acquisition
Lexical analysis	Lexical Analysis of Agglutinative Languages Using a Dictionary of Lemmas and Lexical Transducers
Lexical association measures	Using the Web as a Corpus for the Syntactic-Based Collocation Identification
Lexical change	Dynamic Lexicographic Data Modelling. A Diachronic Dictionary Development Report
Lexical cohesion	Summarization of Multimodal Information
Lexical cohesion	Textual Distraction as a Basis for Evaluating Automatic Summarisers
Lexical coverage	A Danish Lexicon Resource - Ready for Applications
Lexical coverage	Evaluating Lexical Resources for A Semantic Tagger
Lexical database	A Danish Lexicon Resource - Ready for Applications
	A Multilingual Database of Idioms
	Enriching a Thai Lexical Database with Selectional Preferences
Lexical entry templates	Lexical Entry Templates for Robust Deep Parsing
Lexical Functions	Enriching the Spanish EuroWordNet by Collocations
Lexical information	Discovery of (New) Knowledge and the Analysis of Text Corpora
Lexical ontologies	A Methodology and Associated Tools for Building Interlingual Wordnets
Lexical resources	Automatic Language-Independent Induction of Gazetteer Lists
	Computational Lexicography and Carlo Emilio Gadda, Principe dell'Analisi e Duca della Buona Cognizione
	Creation of reusable components and language resources for Named Entity Recognition in Russian
	Extending a verb-lexicon using a semantically annotated corpus
	FrameNet as a ``Net''
	MULTEXT-East Version 3: Multilingual Morphosyntactic Specifications, Lexicons and Corpora
	Portuguese Large-scale Language Resources for NLP Applications
	Utilization of Multiple Language Resources for Robust Grammar-Based Tense and Aspect Classification
Lexical semantic database	Building a Maritime Domain Lexicon: a Few Considerations on the Database Structure and the Semantic Coding
Lexical semantic database	Proper Names and Polysemy: from a Lexicographic Experience
Lexical semantics	A Methodology and Associated Tools for Building Interlingual Wordnets
Lexical semantics	Extending a verb-lexicon using a semantically annotated corpus
Lexical transducer	Lexical Analysis of Agglutinative Languages Using a Dictionary of Lemmas and Lexical Transducers
Lexical Usuality	Distributional Consistency: As a General Method for Defining a Core Lexicon
Lexical-conceptual structure	Extending WordNets to Implicit Information
Lexical-semantic relations	Semi-automatic UNL Dictionary Generation using WordNet.PT
Lexicography	Dynamic Lexicographic Data Modelling. A Diachronic Dictionary Development Report
	Identifying Morphosyntactic Preferences in Collocations
	The Cross-Breeding of Dictionaries
Lexicology	The Integral Dictionary: An Ontological Resource for the Semantic Web Integration of EuroWordNet, Balkanet, TID and SUMO
Lexicon	A Lexicon Module for a Grammar Development Environment
	Building Part-of-speech Corpora through Histogram Hopping
	Consistent Storage of Metadata in Inference Lexica: The MetaLex Approach
	Generating an Arabic full-form lexicon for bidirectional morphology lookup
	Integration of Russian Language Resources
	Multifunctional Computational Lexicon of Contemporary Portuguese: An Available Resource for Multitype Applications
	The Cross-Breeding of Dictionaries
	The Rationale for Building Resources Expressly for NLP
	Verb Valency Descriptors for a Syntactic Treebank
Lexicon acquisition	Automatic Bilingual Lexicon Acquisition Using Random Indexing of Aligned Bilingual Data
Lexicon development	Software Tools for Morphological Tagging of Zulu Corpora and Lexicon Development
Lexicons	Open-source Tools for Creation, Maintenance, and Storage of Lexical Resources for Language Generation from Ontologies
	Providing on-line access to Portuguese language resources: corpora and lexicons
	Reusable Lexical Representations for Idioms
Lexicosyntactic pattern	Automatic Extraction of Hyponyms from Japanese Newspapers Using Lexico-syntactic Patterns
LGPL	FreeLing: An Open-Source Suite of Language Analyzers
Limited-purpose	Towards General-Purpose Annotation Tools – How far are we today?
Linear Discriminant Analysis	Development and Integration of the LDA-Toolkit into the COST249 SpeechDat (II) SIG Reference Recognizer
Linear regression	Incremental Methods to Select Test Sentences for Evaluating Translation Ability
Linear SVM	Corpus-based Learning of Lexical Resources for German Named Entity Recognition
Linearization	Mapping Dependency Structures to Phrase Structures and the Automatic Acquisition of Mapping Rules
Linguistic annotation	A Registry of Standard Data Categories for Linguistic Annotation
	Linguistic annotation of the Spoken Dutch Corpus: If we had to do it all over again ...
	Using the NITE XML Toolkit on the Switchboard Corpus to Study Syntactic Choice: A Case Study
Linguistic constructions	Linguistic Corpus Search
Linguistic coverage	A Danish Lexicon Resource - Ready for Applications
Linguistic data repositories	Rethinking Reusable Resources
Linguistic difference	A Comparison of Two Variant Corpora: The Same Content with Different Sources
Linguistic expertise	A Flexible Language Acquisition Tool Kit for Natural Language Processing
Linguistic Infrastructure	ENABLER Thematic Network of National Projects: Technical, Strategic and Political Issues of LRs
Linguistic Knowledge	Linguistic Miner: an Italian Linguistic Knowledge System
Linguistic Knowledge	The SPARTACUS-Database: a Spanish Sentence Database for Offline Handwriting Recognition
Linguistic Knowledge Base	Semi-automatic UNL Dictionary Generation using WordNet.PT
Linguistic methods	A word alignment system based on a translation equivalence extractor
Linguistic Ontologies	Human Language Technology Elements in a Knowledge Organisation System -The VID project
Linguistic Ontology	Development of Bilingual Domain-Specific Ontology for Automatic Conceptual Indexing
Linguistic Ontology	Development of Ontologies with Minimal Set of Conceptual Relations
Linguistic resources	ALLES: Integrating NLP in ICALL Applications
Linguistic resources	Human Language Technology Elements in a Knowledge Organisation System -The VID project
Linguistic similarity	A Comparison of Two Variant Corpora: The Same Content with Different Sources
Linguistic-based corpus processing	Portuguese Large-scale Language Resources for NLP Applications
Listening tests (MRT, SUS, MOS, CCR)	The Design of Czech Language Formal Listening Tests for the Evaluation of TTS Systems
Literature	Rethinking readability of digital editions - the case of the AAC’s "Digital Brenner"
Literature	The AAC [Austrian Academy Corpus] An Enterprise to Develop Large Electronic Text Corpora
Local Grammar	Text Corpora, Local Grammars and Prediction
Logical	Annotating Noun Argument Structure for NomBank
LRs	Recent Activities within the European Language Resources Association: Issues on Sharing Language Resources and Evaluation
LRs	The Centre for Dutch Language and Speech Technology (TST Centre)
LTAG	Building a Large Grammar for Italian
M
Machine Learning	A Chatbot as a Novel Corpus Visualization Tool
	A Labelled Corpus for Prepositional Phrase Attachment
	Automatic Classification of Geographical Named Entities
	Large Scale Experiments for Semantic Labeling of Noun Phrases in Raw Text
	Unexpected Productions May Well be Errors
Machine Learning for NLP	SVMTool: A general POS tagger generator based on Support Vector Machines
Machine Translation	A Fine-Grained Evaluation Method for Speech-to-Speech Machine Translation Using Concept Annotations
	An Emerging Transcontinental Collaborative Research and Education Agenda in Human Language Technologies
	Building a Paraphrase Corpus for Speech Translation
	Calibrating Resource-light Automatic MT Evaluation: A Cheap Approach to Ranking MT Systems by the Usability of their Output
	Creation of a Doctor-Patient Dialogue Corpus Using Standardized Patients
	Developing Language Resources for a Transnational Digital Government System
	How Does Automatic Machine Translation Evaluation Correlate With Human Scoring as the Number of Reference Translations Increases?
	Integrated Language Technologies for Multilingual Information Services in the MEMPHIS Project
	Modelling Legitimate Translation Variation for Automatic Evaluation of MT Quality
	MT Goes Farming: Comparing Two Machine Translation Approaches on a New Domain
	Multilingual Corpus-based Approach to the Resolution of English -ing
	The Effect of Text Difficulty on Machine Translation Performance -- A Pilot Study with ILR-Rated texts in Spanish, Farsi, Arabic, Russian and Korean
	The Translation Correction Tool: English-Spanish User Studies
	Training a Sentence-Level Machine Translation Confidence Measure
	Translation memories enrichment by statistical bilingual segmentation
Machine translation resources	Multimodal Multilingual Resources in the Subtitling Process
Machine-learning	Duration Modeling for Turkish Text-to-Speech Synthesis System
Machine-learning	Evaluation and Adaptation of the Celex Dutch Morphological Database
Maintenance	The Centre for Dutch Language and Speech Technology (TST Centre)
MALACH project	Issues in Annotation of the Czech Spontaneous Speech Corpus in the MALACH Project
Management	The Centre for Dutch Language and Speech Technology (TST Centre)
Management of language resources	Architecture for Distributed Language Resource Management and Archiving
Man-robot-communication	You stupid tin box' - children interacting with the AIBO robot: A cross-linguistic emotional speech corpus.
Manual annotation	Annotation Multi-media / Multi-modal Resources with ELAN
	RevisionBank: A Resource for Revision-based Multi-document Summarization and Evaluation
	Unexpected Productions May Well be Errors
Mapudungun	Data Collection and Analysis of Mapudungun Morphology for Spelling Correction
Markup	Investigation on Semantics to Improve the COVAX System
Markup	Migrating Language Resources from SGML to XML: the Text Encoding Initiative Recommendations
Markup languages	Bayesian Semantics Incorporation to Web Content for Natural Language Information Retrieval
Matching rules	Semi-Automatic Derivation of a French Lexicon from CLIPS
MAUS	MAUS Goes Iterative
Maximal Projections of Heads	Using the Penn Treebank to Evaluate Non-Treebank Parsers
Maximum entropy	Detecting Errors in English Article Usage with a Maximum Entropy Classifier Trained on a Large, Diverse Corpus
Maximum entropy	Large Scale Experiments for Semantic Labeling of Noun Phrases in Raw Text
Maximum Entroy tagging	Applying Computational Linguistic Techniques in a Documentary Project for Q’anjob’al (Mayan Guatemala)
MDL	Automated Morphological Segmentation and Evaluation
Measure of Dispersion	Distributional Consistency: As a General Method for Defining a Core Lexicon
Medical application	An Annotated German-Language Medical Text Corpus as Language Resource
Medical application	Pumping Documents Through a Domain and Genre Classification Pipeline
Medical Dialogue Data	Creation of a Doctor-Patient Dialogue Corpus Using Standardized Patients
Medical domains	The Italian NESPOLE! Corpus: A Multilingual Database with Interlingua Annotation in Tourism and Medical Domains
Medical resources	Methodology For Building Thematic Indexes In Medecine For French
Meeting Processing and Retrieval	Building and Using a Corpus of Shallow Dialog Annotated Meetings
Memory-based learning	Memory-based Classification of Proper Names in Norwegian
MeSH thesaurus	Methodology For Building Thematic Indexes In Medecine For French
Metadata	A Large Metadata Domain of Language Resources
	Consistent Storage of Metadata in Inference Lexica: The MetaLex Approach
	Cross-Disciplinary Integration of Metadata Descriptions
	Highlighting latent structure in documents
	Human Language Technology Elements in a Knowledge Organisation System -The VID project
	Management of Metadata in Linguistic Fieldwork: Experience from the ACLA Project
	Securing Interpretability: The Case of Ega Language Documentation
	Using Profiles for IMDI Metadata Creatation
	WALA: a multilingual resource repository for West African Languages
Metadata extraction	Linguistic Resources for Effective, Affordable, Reusable Speech-to-Text
Meta-model	Towards a Reference Annotation Framework
Metamodels	Standardization in Multimodal Content Representation: Some Methodological Issues
MetaMorpho TM	MetaMorpho TM: A Rule-Based Translation Corpus
Metrics	Measurements of Spoken Language Variability in a Multilingual Corpus. Predictable Aspects
Military languages	Current Projects in Languages of Military Interest at the Defense Language Institute
Minimum description length	Automated Morphological Segmentation and Evaluation
Minimum Edit Distance	Evaluating Name-Matching for Coreference Resolution
Minority language	Spoken and Written Language Resources for Vietnamese
Mobile phone	Evaluation of a Multimodal Dialogue System for Small-screen Devices
Mobile teleservices	SALA II across the finish line: a large collection of mobile telephone speech databases from North and Latin America completed
Mobile terminal	Terminal Device Oriented Comparable Corpora and its Alignment -- Towards Extracting Paraphrasing Patterns --
Modalities	Usability Evaluation of Multimodal and Domain-Oriented Spoken Language Dialogue Systems
Modern Greek	Creating multi-purpose linguistic resources for Modern Greek: a deep Modern Greek Grammar
Modified Frequency	Distributional Consistency: As a General Method for Defining a Core Lexicon
Monolingual	The Lancaster Corpus of Mandarin Chinese: A Corpus for Monolingual and Contrastive Language Study
Monolingual lexical resources	A Methodology and Associated Tools for Building Interlingual Wordnets
Morhological analyser	Integration of Russian Language Resources
Morph	Sejong Korean Corpora in the Making
Morphological analysers	How to Disassemble Alphabetical Processions - Morphological Treatment of Unknown Words
Morphological analysis	A Morphological Analyzer for Standard Albanian
	FreeLing: An Open-Source Suite of Language Analyzers
	How to Disassemble Alphabetical Processions - Morphological Treatment of Unknown Words
Morphological dictionaries	Combining Heterogeneous Lexical Resources
Morphological lexica	Morphology Based Automatic Acquisition of Large-coverage Lexica
Morphological parser	Lexical Analysis of Agglutinative Languages Using a Dictionary of Lemmas and Lexical Transducers
Morphological segmentation	Automated Morphological Segmentation and Evaluation
Morphological tagging	Software Tools for Morphological Tagging of Zulu Corpora and Lexicon Development
Morphology	Automated Morphological Segmentation and Evaluation
	Evaluation and Adaptation of the Celex Dutch Morphological Database
	Generating an Arabic full-form lexicon for bidirectional morphology lookup
	Identifying Morphosyntactic Preferences in Collocations
	On the problems of creating a golden standard of inflected forms in Portuguese
	The Core of the Czech Derivational Dictionary
	The Statistical Analysis of Morphosyntactic Distributions
Morphosyntactic annotation	Combining symbolic and statistical methods in morphological analysis and unknown word guessing
Morphosyntactic annotation	The Verb in the Terminological Collocations. Contribution to the Development of a Morphological Analyser: MorphoComp
Morpho-syntactic description	Developping tools and building linguistic resources for Vietnamese morpho-syntactic processing
Morphosyntactic preferences	Identifying Morphosyntactic Preferences in Collocations
Morphosyntactic specifications	MULTEXT-East Version 3: Multilingual Morphosyntactic Specifications, Lexicons and Corpora
Morphosyntactic tagger	A Galician Textual Corpus for Morphosyntactic Tagging with Application to Text-to-Speech Synthesis
Motion capture	EVALUATION OF A SPEECH CUER: FROM MOTION CAPTURE TO A CONCATENATIVE TEXT-TO-CUED SPEECH SYSTEM
MRS	Creating multi-purpose linguistic resources for Modern Greek: a deep Modern Greek Grammar
MT	Evaluation and Adaptation of a Specialised Language Checking Tool for Non-specialised Machine Translation and Non-expert MT Users for Multi-lingual Telecooperation
MT correction	The Translation Correction Tool: English-Spanish User Studies
MT Evaluation	A Fine-Grained Evaluation Method for Speech-to-Speech Machine Translation Using Concept Annotations
	MT Goes Farming: Comparing Two Machine Translation Approaches on a New Domain
	The Translation Correction Tool: English-Spanish User Studies
	Training a Sentence-Level Machine Translation Confidence Measure
MULTEXT	Japanese MULTEXT: A Prosodic Corpus
Multi-agent	Evaluation of Multi-party Virtual Reality Dialogue Interaction
Multichannel	AV@CAR: A Spanish Multichannel Multimodal Corpus for In-Vehicle Automatic Audio-Visual Speech Recognition
Multi-channel front-end	Evaluation of Microphone Array Front-Ends for ASR - an Extension of the AURORA Framework
Multidocument summarization	MEAD - A Platform for Multidocument Multilingual Text Summarization
Multidocument summarization	RevisionBank: A Resource for Revision-based Multi-document Summarization and Evaluation
Multi-level annotation	A powerful and versatile XML format for representing role-semantic annotation
Multilexemic	The Verb in the Terminological Collocations. Contribution to the Development of a Morphological Analyser: MorphoComp
Multilingual	A Multi-Modal Documentation System for Warao
	Annotation Tools for Large-Scale Corpus Development: Using AGTK at the Linguistic Data Consortium
	The Italian NESPOLE! Corpus: A Multilingual Database with Interlingua Annotation in Tourism and Medical Domains
	The Mixer Corpus of Multilingual, Multichannel Speaker Recognition Data
Multilingual corpora	MULTEXT-East Version 3: Multilingual Morphosyntactic Specifications, Lexicons and Corpora
Multilingual corpus annotation	The MULI Project: Annotation and Analysis of Information Structure in German and English
Multi-lingual document classification	N-Gram Language Modeling for Robust Multi-Lingual Document Classification
Multilingual Information Access	The Future of Evaluation for Cross-Language Information Retrieval Systems
Multilingual Knowledge Acquisition	Cross-Language Acquisition of Semantic Models for Verbal Predicates
Multilingual language resources	Bilingual Connections for Trilingual Corpora: An XML Approach
Multilingual lexical resources	Cross-effective cross-lingual document classification
Multilingual LR	The COST278 pan-European Broadcast News Database
Multilingual morphology	Semi-Automatic Derivation of a French Lexicon from CLIPS
Multilingual resources	Exploring Balkanet Shared Ontology for Multilingual Conceptual Indexing
Multilingual resources	Multilingual Pattern Libraries for Question Answering: a Case Study for Definition Questions
Multilingual speech technology	A Multilingual Phonological Resource Toolkit for Ubiquitous Speech Technology
Multilingual subtitling	Multimodal Multilingual Resources in the Subtitling Process
Multilingual TTS	A data-driven adaptation of prosody in a multilingual TTS
Multilingual wordnets	A Methodology and Associated Tools for Building Interlingual Wordnets
Multilingualism	Korean-Chinese-Japanese Multilingual Wordnet with Shared Semantic Hierarchy
Multilinguality	Automatic extraction of syntactic semantic patterns for multilingual resources
	Integrated Language Technologies for Multilingual Information Services in the MEMPHIS Project
	Intelligent Building of Language Resources for HLT Applications
	Measurements of Spoken Language Variability in a Multilingual Corpus. Predictable Aspects
	Multilingual Content Processing
	The C-ORAL-ROM CORPUS. A Multilingual Resource of Spontaneous Speech for Romance Languages.
Multimedia	Annotation Multi-media / Multi-modal Resources with ELAN
Multimedia	The C-ORAL-ROM CORPUS. A Multilingual Resource of Spontaneous Speech for Romance Languages
Multimedia coreference	ANNOTATION OF COREFERENCE RELATIONS AMONG LINGUISTIC EXPRESSIONS AND IMAGES IN BIOLOGICAL ARTICLES
Multimedia Information Retrieval	An argumentative annotation schema for meeting discussions
Multimodal	AV@CAR: A Spanish Multichannel Multimodal Corpus for In-Vehicle Automatic Audio-Visual Speech Recognition
	Evaluation of a Multimodal Dialogue System for Small-screen Devices
	The Italian NESPOLE! Corpus: A Multilingual Database with Interlingua Annotation in Tourism and Medical Domains
	User Query Analysis for the Specification and Evaluation of a Dialogue Processing and Retrieval System
	Evaluation of Multi-party Virtual Reality Dialogue Interaction
Multimodal content	Standardization in Multimodal Content Representation: Some Methodological Issues
Multimodal corpora	Experiments on Building Language Resources for Multi-Modal Dialogue Systems
	Framework for data-driven video-realistic audio-visual speech-synthesis
	Image-Language Multimodal Corpora: Needs, Lacunae and an AI Synergy for Annotation
Multimodal data management	Management of Metadata in Linguistic Fieldwork: Experience from the ACLA Project
Multimodal Dialog	Evaluating Factors Impacting the Accuracy of Forced Alignments in a Multimodal Corpus
Multi-modal dialogue	Issues in Corpus Development for Multi-party Multi-modal Task-oriented Dialogue
Multimodal LR	The COST278 pan-European Broadcast News Database
Multimodal man-machine dialogue	Experiments on Building Language Resources for Multi-Modal Dialogue Systems
Multimodal Meaning	Multimodal Meaning Representation for Generic Dialogue Systems Architectures
Multimodal resources	Multimodal Multilingual Resources in the Subtitling Process
Multimodality	Evaluating Multimodal NLG using Production Experiments
Multimodality	Towards General-Purpose Annotation Tools – How far are we today?
Multi-party dialogue	Issues in Corpus Development for Multi-party Multi-modal Task-oriented Dialogue
Multiple linguistic levels	A pattern extraction workbench combining multiple linguistic levels
Multiple sequence alignment	Multiple Sequence Alignment for characterizing the linear structure of revision
Multi-speaker	Evaluation of Multi-party Virtual Reality Dialogue Interaction
Multi-style LR	A Spoken Afrikaans Language Resource Designed for Research on Pronunciation Variations
Multi-word	A New Approach to the Corpus-based Statistical Investigation of Hungarian Multi-word Lexemes
Multiword detection	FreeLing: An Open-Source Suite of Language Analyzers
Multiword expression	A Multilingual Database of Idioms
Multiword expressions	Reusable Lexical Representations for Idioms
Multiword expressions	Bootstrapping a database of German multi-word expressions
Multiword Lexical Units	Cluster Analysis and Classification of Named Entities
MultiWord Terminology	The Role of MultiWord Terminology in Knowledge Management
Multi-word terms	French-English multi-word term alignment based on lexical context analysis
Multiword unit extraction	Evaluation of Different Similarity Measures for the Extraction of Multiword Units in a Reinforcement Learning Environment
Mutual information	Collocation Extraction Using Web Statistics
Mutual information	Improving Collocation Extraction for High Frequency Words
MWE - identification and tagging	Portuguese Large-scale Language Resources for NLP Applications
mWER	How Does Automatic Machine Translation Evaluation Correlate With Human Scoring as the Number of Reference Translations Increases?
N
Naïve Bayes	Learning to predict Pitch Accents using Bayesian Belief Networks for Greek Language
Naïve Bayes	Evaluating Variants of the Lesk Approach for Disambiguating Words
Name Matching	Evaluating Name-Matching for Coreference Resolution
Named entities	Automatic Building Gazetteers of Co-referring Named Entities
	Automatic Classification of Geographical Named Entities
	Cluster Analysis and Classification of Named Entities
	Exploiting Language Resources for Semantic Web Annotations
Named Entity	Definition, dictionaries and tagger for Extended Named Entity Hierarchy
Named entity extraction	Pattern Discovery in Named Organization Corpus
Named entity recognition	A Named Entity Recognizer for Danish
	Corpus-based Learning of Lexical Resources for German Named Entity Recognition
	Creation of reusable components and language resources for Named Entity Recognition in Russian
	Large Scale Experiments for Semantic Labeling of Noun Phrases in Raw Text
	Memory-based Classification of Proper Names in Norwegian
	Raising the Bar: Stacked Conservative Error Correction Beyond Boosting
	NameNet: A Self-Improving Resource for Name Classification
Named organization corpus	Pattern Discovery in Named Organization Corpus
Named-entity annotation	A Multi-Modal Documentation System for Warao
Named-entity annotation	Annotation Tools for Large-Scale Corpus Development: Using AGTK at the Linguistic Data Consortium
Nasal vowels	An Acoustic Corpus Contemplating Regional Variation for Studies of European Portuguese Nasals
Natural interactivity	Towards General-Purpose Annotation Tools – How far are we today?
Natural language approach	A natural language approach to information management: tracking scientific advances through the structure of words
Natural language generation	Evaluating Multimodal NLG using Production Experiments
Natural language parsing	A Named Entity Recognizer for Danish
Natural language parsing	Using the Penn Treebank to Evaluate Non-Treebank Parsers
Natural language processing	A Bayesian Model for Shallow Syntactic Parsing of Natural Language Texts
	A Comparison of Two Variant Corpora: The Same Content with Different Sources
	Data Driven Ontology Evaluation
	Pronominal Anaphora Resolution for Unrestricted Text
Natural language processing in biology	Part-of-Speech Annotation of Biology Research Abstracts
Natural Language Question-Answering	INQUER: A WordNet-based Question-Answering Application
NE subclassification	Automatic Classification of Geographical Named Entities
Neologisms	The Bilingual Web Dictionary on Demand
NE-Recognition	Extraction of Polish Named-Entities
NetDC	Network of Data Centres (NetDC): BNSC – An Arabic Broadcast News Speech Corpus
Network Model	Extraction of Hyperonymy of Adjectives from Large Corpora by Using the Neural Network Model
Network of grammars	A Hybrid Strategy for Regular Grammar Parsing
Neural	Extraction of Hyperonymy of Adjectives from Large Corpora by Using the Neural Network Model
Neural networks	A data-driven adaptation of prosody in a multilingual TTS
News	Terminal Device Oriented Comparable Corpora and its Alignment -- Towards Extracting Paraphrasing Patterns --
n-gram language models	Applying Computational Linguistic Techniques in a Documentary Project for Q’anjob’al (Mayan Guatemala)
n-gram model	Pumping Documents Through a Domain and Genre Classification Pipeline
n-gram modelling	Human dialogue modelling using annotated corpora
NIST	How Does Automatic Machine Translation Evaluation Correlate With Human Scoring as the Number of Reference Translations Increases?
NIST	Interpreting Bleu/NIST Scores: How Much Improvement do We Need to Have a Better System?
NITE XML Toolkit	Using the NITE XML Toolkit on the Switchboard Corpus to Study Syntactic Choice: A Case Study
NLG tools	Open-source Tools for Creation, Maintenance, and Storage of Lexical Resources for Language Generation from Ontologies
NLP	A Suite of Tools for Marking Up Textual Data for Temporal Text Mining Scenarios
	ALLES: Integrating NLP in ICALL Applications
	From Weaver to the ALPAC Report
NLP Application	The DeepThought Core Architecture Framework
NLP Architecture	The DeepThought Core Architecture Framework
NLP processing	NLP-enhanced error Checking for Catalan unrestricted text
NLP resources	The Rationale for Building Resources Expressly for NLP
NLP-products	How to Disassemble Alphabetical Processions - Morphological Treatment of Unknown Words
NLPWin	Using the Penn Treebank to Evaluate Non-Treebank Parsers
Noise filtering	Discarding noise in an automatically acquired lexicon of support verb constructions
Nominalization	Annotating Noun Argument Structure for NomBank
Nominals	Annotating Noun Argument Structure for NomBank
Non-compositional translation	French-English multi-word term alignment based on lexical context analysis
Normalisation	Evaluating Name-Matching for Coreference Resolution
Norwegian	Memory-based Classification of Proper Names in Norwegian
Nouns	Annotating Noun Argument Structure for NomBank
NTPC	Raising the Bar: Stacked Conservative Error Correction Beyond Boosting
Number/date/amounts recognition	FreeLing: An Open-Source Suite of Language Analyzers
O
Offline handwriting recognition	The SPARTACUS-Database: a Spanish Sentence Database for Offline Handwriting Recognition
Old-Church Slavonic	Towards Intelligent Written Cultural Heritage Processing - Lexical Processing
One sense per discourse	Utilizing the One-Sense-per-Discourse Constraint for Fully Unsupervised Word Sense Induction and Disambiguation
Online handwriting	An XML Representation for Annotated Handwriting Datasets for Online Handwriting Recognition
Online handwriting	Experiences in Collection of Handwriting Data for Online Handwriting Recognition in Indic Scripts
Online tool	The Translation Correction Tool: English-Spanish User Studies
Ontologies	An Automatic Method for Constructing Domain-Specific Ontology Resources
	Concept Creation in Lexical Ontologies
	Enriching WordNet Via Generative Metonymy and Creative Polysemy
	Integrated Language Technologies for Multilingual Information Services in the MEMPHIS Project
	Intelligent Building of Language Resources for HLT Applications
	OntoTag's Linguistic Ontologies: Enhancing Higher Level and Semantic Web Annotations
	Semantic Mark-up of Italian Legal Texts Through NLP-based Techniques
	The Integral Dictionary: An Ontological Resource for the Semantic Web Integration of EuroWordNet, Balkanet, TID and SUMO
	Towards Ontology Engineering Based on Linguistic Analysis
	Towards the MEANING Top Ontology: Sources of Ontological Meaning
Ontology	Annotating a corpus for building a domain-specific knowledge base
	ANNOTATION OF COREFERENCE RELATIONS AMONG LINGUISTIC EXPRESSIONS AND IMAGES IN BIOLOGICAL ARTICLES
	Concept-based queries: Combining and Reusing Linguistic Corpus Formats and Query Languages
	Data Driven Ontology Evaluation
	Design and Implementation of a Semantic Search Engine for Portuguese
	EVALDA-CESART Project: Terminological Resources Acquisition Tools Evaluation Campaign
	Open-source Tools for Creation, Maintenance, and Storage of Lexical Resources for Language Generation from Ontologies
	Securing Interpretability: The Case of Ega Language Documentation
	Sinica BOW (Bilingual Ontological Wordnet): Integration of Bilingual WordNet and SUMO
	The Bilingual Web Dictionary on Demand
	The GENOMA-KB Platform: Queries Over Integrated Linguistic Resources
	The GENOMA-KB project: towards the integration of concepts, terms, textual corpora and entities
	The Rationale for Building Resources Expressly for NLP
	The Role of MultiWord Terminology in Knowledge Management
	Thesaurus or logical ontology, which do we need for mining text?
Ontology construction	An Automatic Method for Constructing Domain-Specific Ontology Resources
Ontology construction	Principles of a system for terminological concept modelling
Ontology evaluation	An Automatic Method for Constructing Domain-Specific Ontology Resources
	Automatic Generation of Glosses in the OntoLearn System
	Ontology Evaluation Functionalities of RDF(S), DAML+OIL, and OWL Parsers and Ontology Platforms
Ontology learning	Automatic Generation of Glosses in the OntoLearn System
Ontology learning	Clustering Concept Hierarchies from Text
Ontology platforms	Ontology Evaluation Functionalities of RDF(S), DAML+OIL, and OWL Parsers and Ontology Platforms
Open source	Open Resources for Language Technology
	The Language Belongs to the People!
	The OPUS corpus - parallel and free
	FreeLing: An Open-Source Suite of Language Analyzers
Open source LRs	Creating open language resources for Hungarian
Oral Databases	Collection of SLR in the Asian-Pacific area
Orthographic transcription	Orthographic and Phonetic Annotation of Very Large Czech Corpora with Quality Assessment
OWL	Ontology Evaluation Functionalities of RDF(S), DAML+OIL, and OWL Parsers and Ontology Platforms
P
P2P	Collaborative Annotation of Sign Language Data with Peer-to-Peer Technology
Paradigmatic relations	Automatic Acquisition of Paradigmatic Relations using Iterated Co-occurrences
Paradigms	Using Paradigm Tables to Generate New Utterances Similar to those Existing in Linguistic Resources
PARADISE	Usability Evaluation of Spoken Dialogue Systems
Parallel corpora	Annotation of anaphoric expressions in an aligned bilingual corpus
	Construction of a Bilingual Arabic-Spanish Lexicon of Verbs Based on a Parallel Corpus
	Parallel corpora for the Galician language: building and processing of the CLUVI (Linguistic Corpus of the University of Vigo)
	The OPUS corpus - parallel and free
	Word Sense Disambiguation as a Wordnets' Validation Method in Balkanet
parallel corpus	A word alignment system based on a translation equivalence extractor
	Evaluation of Cross-Language Information Retrieval Using the Domain-Specific GIRT Data as Parallel German-English Corpus
	Grouping Synonymous Sentences from a Parallel Corpus
Parallel treebank	Prague Czech-English Dependency Treebank. Syntactically Annotated Resources for Machine Translation
Paraphrase	Building a Paraphrase Corpus for Speech Translation
	Grouping Synonymous Sentences from a Parallel Corpus
	Terminal Device Oriented Comparable Corpora and its Alignment -- Towards Extracting Paraphrasing Patterns --
PAROLE	Putting the Dutch PAROLE Corpus to Work
Parser evaluation	Phrase-Based Dependency Evaluation of a Japanese Parser
Parsers	Ontology Evaluation Functionalities of RDF(S), DAML+OIL, and OWL Parsers and Ontology Platforms
Parsing	Parsing Ungrammatical Input: An Evaluation Procedure
Parsing	Semi-automatic Syntactic and Semantic Corpus Annotation with a Deep Parser
Partial Parsing	A High Quality Partial Parser for Annotating German Text Corpora
	A Hybrid Strategy for Regular Grammar Parsing
	Automatic Methods to Supplement Broad-Coverage Subcategorization Lexicons
Part-of-speech	A Galician Textual Corpus for Morphosyntactic Tagging with Application to Text-to-Speech Synthesis
	A Search Tool for Corpora with Positional Tagsets and Ambiguities
	Building Part-of-speech Corpora through Histogram Hopping
Part-of-speech (POS)	Developping tools and building linguistic resources for Vietnamese morpho-syntactic processing
Part-of-speech corpus	Part-of-Speech Annotation of Biology Research Abstracts
Part-of-speech tagging	A Morphological Analyzer for Standard Albanian
Part-of-speech tagging	MULTEXT-East Version 3: Multilingual Morphosyntactic Specifications, Lexicons and Corpora
Patent maps	Test Collections for Patent-to-Patent Retrieval and Patent Map Generation in NTCIR-4 Workshop
Patent retrieval	Test Collections for Patent-to-Patent Retrieval and Patent Map Generation in NTCIR-4 Workshop
Pattern discovery	Pattern Discovery in Named Organization Corpus
Pattern extraction	A pattern extraction workbench combining multiple linguistic levels
Pattern matching	Unsupervised Text Mining for Ontology Extraction: An Evaluation of Statistical Measures
Patterns	From Acts and Topics to Transactions and Dialogue Smoothness
Patterns	Identifying Definitions in Text Collections for Question Answering
PCFG	Comparing the Ambiguity Reduction Abilities of Probabilistic Context-Free Grammars
Peer-to-peer	Collaborative Annotation of Sign Language Data with Peer-to-Peer Technology
Penn Discourse Treebank	The Penn Discourse Treebank
Penn Treebank	Converting Treebank Annotations to Language Neutral Syntax
Penn Treebank	Using the Penn Treebank to Evaluate Non-Treebank Parsers
Perception	The Influence of the Labeller’s Regional Background on Phonetic Transcriptions: Implications for the Evaluation of Spoken Language Resources
Perception test	Evaluating an Authentic Audio-Visual Expressive Speech Corpus
Perceptual evaluation	Perceptual Evaluation of Quality Deterioration Owing to Prosody Modification
Performance	Benchmarking ontology tools. A case study for the WebODE platform
Phoneme confusion matrix	The COST 278 MASPER initiative - crosslingual speech recognition with large telephone databases
Phoneme-to-grapheme	A Graphical Tool for Handling Rule Grammars in Java Speech Grammar Format
Phonetic analysis	WinPitch Corpus, a Text to Speech Alignment Tool for Multimodal Corpora
Phonetic balance	The American English SALA-II Data Collection
Phonetic corpus	Embedding IMDI Metadata into a Large Phonetic Corpus
Phonetic Lexicons	CrossTowns: Automatically Generated Phonetic Lexicons of Cross-Lingual Pronunciation Variants of European City Names
Phonetic transcription	Orthographic and Phonetic Annotation of Very Large Czech Corpora with Quality Assessment
Phonetic transcription	The Influence of the Labeller’s Regional Background on Phonetic Transcriptions: Implications for the Evaluation of Spoken Language Resources
Phonetic transcriptions	On the Usefulness of Large Spoken Language Corpora for Linguistic Research
Phonetic units	Evaluation of a Spoken Phonetic Databse in Basque Language
Phonetically balanced corpus	VOXMEX Speech Database: Design of a Phonetically Balanced Corpus
Phonological and Morphological Lexical DB	Unifying Lexicons in View of a Phonological and Morphological Lexical DB
Phonological resource	A Multilingual Phonological Resource Toolkit for Ubiquitous Speech Technology
Phonology	Phonological Treebanks - Issues in Generation and Application
Phonotactics	Acquiring Reusable Multilingual Phonotactic Resources
Phrase structure trees	Automatic transformation of phrase treebanks to dependency trees
Phrase structures	Mapping Dependency Structures to Phrase Structures and the Automatic Acquisition of Mapping Rules
Pipping	Raising the Bar: Stacked Conservative Error Correction Beyond Boosting
Pitch Accent Tones	Learning to predict Pitch Accents using Bayesian Belief Networks for Greek Language
Pitch contour	Corpus Design, Recording and Phonetic Analysis of Greek Emotional Database
Place name	Resources for Place Name Analysis
Platform independence	SpeechRecorder - a Universal Platform Independent Multi-Channel Audio Recording Software
Polish	Extraction of Polish Named-Entities
Political Issues	ENABLER Thematic Network of National Projects: Technical, Strategic and Political Issues of LRs
Polygenesis	Dynamic Lexicographic Data Modelling. A Diachronic Dictionary Development Report
Polysemy	Polysemy and Category Structure in WordNet: An Evidential Approach
Portuguese	Evaluating Solutions for the Rapid Development of State-of-the-Art POS taggers for Portuguese
	On the problems of creating a golden standard of inflected forms in Portuguese
	Providing on-line access to Portuguese language resources: corpora and lexicons
	What is my Style? Using Stylistic Features of Portuguese Web Texts to classify Web pages according to Users' Needs
POS	A Search Tool for Corpora with Positional Tagsets and Ambiguities
POS	Creating Slovenian Language Resources for Development of Speech-to-Speech Translation Components
PoS and headword encoding	The Integrated Language Database of 8th - 21st-Century Dutch
POS annotated corpus	The Lácio-Web: Corpora and Tools to advance Brazilian Portuguese Language Investigations and Computational Linguistic Tools
POS information	Multifunctional Computational Lexicon of Contemporary Portuguese: An Available Resource for Multitype Applications
POS tagging	Combining symbolic and statistical methods in morphological analysis and unknown word guessing
	FreeLing: An Open-Source Suite of Language Analyzers
	SVMTool: A general POS tagger generator based on Support Vector Machines
	The Verb in the Terminological Collocations. Contribution to the Development of a Morphological Analyser: MorphoComp
	Using PiTagger for Lemmatization and PoS Tagging of a Spontaneous Speech Corpus: C-ORAL-ROM Italian
POS tags	Towards the Use of Word Stems and Suffixes for Statistical Machine Translation
Positional tagset	A Search Tool for Corpora with Positional Tagsets and Ambiguities
Potential function	Classification of Japanese Spatial Nouns
PP attachment	A Labelled Corpus for Prepositional Phrase Attachment
PP attachment	Exploring Portability of Syntactic Information from English to Basque
Precedence units	Mapping Dependency Structures to Phrase Structures and the Automatic Acquisition of Mapping Rules
Predicate	Annotating Noun Argument Structure for NomBank
Predicate argument structure	Converting Treebank Annotations to Language Neutral Syntax
Prefix verbs	Automatic Methods to Supplement Broad-Coverage Subcategorization Lexicons
Prepositional phrase attachment	A Labelled Corpus for Prepositional Phrase Attachment
Procedural semantics	Some Meaning Procedures of Ontological Semantics
Processing questions	Semi-Automatic Construction of a Question Treebank
Production experiment	Evaluating Multimodal NLG using Production Experiments
Pronouns	Can Anaphoric Definite Descriptions be Replaced by Pronouns?
Pronunciation dictionary	Spoken and Written Language Resources for Vietnamese
Pronunciation Variants	CrossTowns: Automatically Generated Phonetic Lexicons of Cross-Lingual Pronunciation Variants of European City Names
Pronunciation variation	A Spoken Afrikaans Language Resource Designed for Research on Pronunciation Variations
Pronunciation variation	On the Usefulness of Large Spoken Language Corpora for Linguistic Research
Pronunciation variation modeling	Improving Automatic Phonetic Transcription of Spontaneous Speech through Variant-Based Pronunciation Variation Modelling
Proper names	Creating Slovenian Language Resources for Development of Speech-to-Speech Translation Components
Proper names	Exploiting Anchor Text as a Lexical Resource
Prosodic and lexical cues	Reliability of Lexical and Prosodic Cues in two Real-life Spoken Dialog Corpora
Prosodic Corpus	Japanese MULTEXT: A Prosodic Corpus
Prosody	A data-driven adaptation of prosody in a multilingual TTS
	Corpus Design, Recording and Phonetic Analysis of Greek Emotional Database
	Designing and Recording an Audiovisual Database of Emotional Speech in Basque
	Evaluation of Consensus on the Annotation of Prosodic Breaks in the Romance Corpus of Spontaneous Speech “C-ORAL-ROM”
	Learning to predict Pitch Accents using Bayesian Belief Networks for Greek Language
	The C-ORAL-ROM CORPUS. A Multilingual Resource of Spontaneous Speech for Romance Languages
	Use and Evaluation of Prosodic Annotations in Dutch
	You stupid tin box' - children interacting with the AIBO robot: A cross-linguistic emotional speech corpus
Prosody modification	Perceptual Evaluation of Quality Deterioration Owing to Prosody Modification
Protocol	AN EVALUATION PROTOCOL FOR TEXT MINING TOOLS: ALCESTE SAS TEXT MINER SPAD-CRM AND TEMIS TEXT MINING SOLUTIONS TESTING
Protocols and Measures	Designing a Realistic Evaluation of an End-to-end Interactive Question Answering System
Prototype	The Integrated Language Database of 8th - 21st-Century Dutch
Prototyping	The CLaRK System: XML-based Corpora Development System for Rapid Prototyping
Proxy/Search logs	Collocation Extraction Using Web Statistics
Psycholinguistics	An Emerging Transcontinental Collaborative Research and Education Agenda in Human Language Technologies
Public available	The BITS Speech Synthesis Corpus for German
Q
Qualitative	Designing a Realistic Evaluation of an End-to-end Interactive Question Answering System
Quantitative	Designing a Realistic Evaluation of an End-to-end Interactive Question Answering System
Query	Design of an Interactive Web-based User Interface for Speech Database Query Formation
Query elicitation	User Query Analysis for the Specification and Evaluation of a Dialogue Processing and Retrieval System
Query Expansion	Information Retrieval System Using Latent Contextual Relevance
Query formation	Design of an Interactive Web-based User Interface for Speech Database Query Formation
Query languages	Concept-based queries: Combining and Reusing Linguistic Corpus Formats and Query Languages
Querying	Querying both time-aligned and hierarchical corpora with NXT Search
Question Answering	A2Q: an agent-based architecure for multilingual Q&A
	Identifying Definitions in Text Collections for Question Answering
	Multilingual Pattern Libraries for Question Answering: a Case Study for Definition Questions

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